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Production two-tower improvement opus-high-03

The full recorded conversation, expanded from start to finish: instructions, agent messages, and tool inputs and responses.

Thinking text is unavailable for this run. The archive contains 30 empty thinking entries; tool calls are shown separately.

Agent
opus-5.0 · Claude Code · high effort
Recorded conversation
36:52 · 62 steps
Private reward
0.016196 · Failed
Attempt cost
$3.75
  • Thinking
  • Model text
  • Tool call
  • Tool response
01

Task instructions

+00:00
Task instructions

Improve a production music-discovery two-tower

You have joined the recommendations team for a music streaming service. The "Made for You" shelf is served by a mature production two-tower model. Its chronological data protocol and indexed serving path are sound, but its offline retrieval quality no longer clears the team's next launch gate.

Your job is to investigate the production model, improve its retrieval quality, and ship a better ranking artifact. Use the implementation and public validation data to form and test your own diagnosis.

The source used to reproduce the production model is included under /task/current_model/. You may copy it into /app/solution/, edit it, add tests, and improve its training objective, but keep the data protocol, two-tower serving contract, and evaluation boundary intact.

Production Context

The model must satisfy a strict request-time latency budget. Item vectors are precomputed offline. At request time, one user vector is computed from observed interaction history and compared with candidate item vectors by a batchable two-tower score. Do not introduce a cross-encoder, per-candidate sequence model, or user-ID lookup table.

The current trainer is a mature baseline with chronological internal validation. Focus your investigation on how its training objective selects and uses negative examples. Diagnose limitations in the current negative-sampling strategy and improve it under the fixed CPU budget. Validate changes with the public backtest. The final approach must still train and rank within the supplied CPU environment while preserving the serving and data boundaries above.

What You Have

All public inputs are under /task/data/. A stage cutoff is the timestamp at which observed history and candidate eligibility are frozen for a ranking. The public validation stage cutoff is 24786800, when train_* ends. A 30-minute gap precedes the seven-day val_* window. For the final submission, that validation window becomes observed history, and another 30-minute gap precedes the hidden seven-day outcome window.

The package includes:

  • /task/current_model/train_current_model.py: the production training and ranking script. It can reproduce the public validation ranking and produce a hidden-test submission after refitting.
  • /task/current_model/two_tower_model.py: model primitives used by the production script.
  • /task/evaluate_public.py: the public validation evaluator for development.
  • /task/data/validation_eligible_candidates.npz and /task/data/test_eligible_candidates.npz: platform-owned candidate sets for the validation and hidden-test cutoffs.
  • /task/data/validation_preference_state.parquet and /task/data/test_preference_state.parquet: active explicit preference state at the corresponding cutoffs.
  • /task/requirements.txt: the exact offline Python distribution inventory.

You can reproduce the production public backtest with:

python /task/current_model/train_current_model.py \
  --stage validation \
  --public-dir /task \
  --output /app/solution/production_validation.parquet
python /task/evaluate_public.py /app/solution/production_validation.parquet

Data

For each event family there is a train_*.parquet and val_*.parquet file:

FamilyMeaningColumns
listensPlayback eventsuid, timestamp, item_id, is_organic, played_ratio_pct, track_length_seconds
likesExplicit positive actionsuid, timestamp, item_id, is_organic
dislikesExplicit negative actionsuid, timestamp, item_id, is_organic
unlikesReversal of a prior likeuid, timestamp, item_id, is_organic
undislikesReversal of a prior dislikeuid, timestamp, item_id, is_organic

is_organic=1 means the listener sought out the track; 0 means the action came through a recommendation surface. A listen is a conventional positive at 50% completion. The discovery-quality objective below uses the stronger 80% threshold.

The two public windows have different roles:

  1. For model development and selection, train only from train_* and score the subsequent val_* outcomes.
  2. After selecting an improvement, refit it on train_* + val_*. At hidden-test time the validation events are observed history, not recommendable outcomes.

Do not use val_* events as features when measuring a validation ranking. They may and should be used when refitting the final hidden-test ranker.

Additional files under /task/data/:

  • candidate_catalog.parquet: the 30,000 retrieval-catalog tracks, ordered by training positive-listen popularity.
  • target_users.parquet: users with at least 20 positive listens in the 90 days before the training cutoff, selected without future labels.
  • validation_preference_state.parquet: active explicit state at the training cutoff, for validation ranking.
  • test_preference_state.parquet: active explicit state after validation, for the final hidden-test ranking. State is liked or disliked; a pair may have both active channels.
  • validation_eligible_candidates.npz and test_eligible_candidates.npz: cutoff-correct candidate sets for every target user. Each contains aligned arrays uids, item_ids, and packed_eligible. For user row r, recover the Boolean item mask with np.unpackbits(packed_eligible[r], count=len(item_ids), bitorder="little").

Validation candidates exclude all train_* encounters. Test candidates exclude all train_* and val_* encounters. Future test interactions are hidden and used only by the separate Harbor verifier.

Discovery Objective

Rank only the candidates returned for the relevant cutoff. Relevance is based on organic behavior in the immediately following window:

  • grade 3: the user organically likes the track;
  • grade 1: the user organically listens to at least 80% of the track;
  • grade 0: otherwise.

If both positive events occur, grade 3 wins. Ranking quality is measured with graded NDCG@10. DCG uses gain 2^grade - 1 and discount 1/log2(rank + 1), then averages per-user NDCG over users with at least one relevant item.

The public evaluator reports this same objective for development, but its score is not a separate acceptance stage. Final acceptance is determined on the hidden test using the same objective. The Yambda logs contain interactions, not impression propensities; treat the organic objective as a robust offline target, not as a causal estimate of online lift.

Deliverable

Submit one final ranking as /app/solution/submission.parquet or /app/solution/submission.csv. It must be a regular file, not a symbolic link. If both files exist, the verifier evaluates submission.parquet and ignores submission.csv.

The ranking must:

  • include the columns uid, item_id, and rank; only these columns are evaluated;
  • use finite, integer-valued entries in all three required columns;
  • cover exactly the users in target_users.parquet, with no missing or extra users;
  • contain exactly 100 rows and 100 distinct items for every target user;
  • contain every integer rank from 1 through 100 exactly once per user; and
  • use only items present in that user's test_eligible_candidates.npz candidate set.

Also leave the improved implementation used to build the artifact at /app/solution/train_current_model.py, along with any local modules it imports. A concise /app/solution/README.md with the diagnosis, before-and-after public score, model change, and submission command is useful for the experiment record, but it is not an automated acceptance gate.

Constraints

  • Write deliverables and intermediate artifacts only under /app/solution/.
  • Treat /task/ and the installed Python environment as read-only.
  • Do not invoke nested agents or attempt to access verifier files, credentials, other trials, or host paths.
  • Do not install packages or use network access except for the model-provider connection managed by Harbor.
  • Do not alter cutoff definitions, target users, candidate eligibility, or relevance labels.
  • Improve the production pipeline in place. Do not substitute an unrelated model family or evade the indexed two-tower serving constraint.
  • The environment includes CPU PyTorch 2.8.0. No accelerator is available.
  • You have up to 60 minutes. Prioritize measured validation improvements, a correct final refit, and a valid submission over broad architecture search.
  • Keep the best valid submission saved throughout the attempt so it survives the deadline.
Harness context deferred tools delta
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Harness context agent listing delta
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    "- general-purpose: General-purpose agent for researching complex questions, searching for code, and executing multi-step tasks. When you are searching for a keyword or file and are not confident that you will find the right match in the first few tries use this agent to perform the search for you. (Tools: *)",
    "- Plan: Software architect agent for designing implementation plans. Use this when you need to plan the implementation strategy for a task. Returns step-by-step plans, identifies critical files, and considers architectural trade-offs. (Tools: All tools except Agent, Artifact, ExitPlanMode, Edit, Write, NotebookEdit)",
    "- statusline-setup: Use this agent to configure the user's Claude Code status line setting. (Tools: Read, Edit)"
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  "removedTypes": [],
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  "showConcurrencyNote": false
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Harness context skill listing
{
  "type": "skill_listing",
  "content": "- dataviz: Use this skill whenever you are about to create ANY chart, graph, plot, dashboard, or data visualization, in ANY output medium — an HTML or React artifact, inline SVG, plotting code in any library (matplotlib, plotly, d3, Recharts, …), an image/PNG you will render and upload, or a chart shared into Slack. Read it BEFORE writing the first line of chart code, choosing chart colors, building a stat tile / meter / KPI row, or laying out a dashboard. When the destination is a first-party document connector (host-designated, never self-described) that renders live charts, hand it the rows (inline, or as an uploaded data file the chart cites) rather than a rendered PNG/SVG — a picture of a chart loses hover, data inspection and per-value comments. Produces visualizations that read as one system — elegant, accessible, consistent in light and dark — using a brand-neutral placeholder palette you swap for your own. Teaches a design-system-agnostic method: a form heuristic, a color formula with a runnable validator, mark specs, and interaction rules. A validated default palette is documented in `references/palette.md` — swap that file's values for your brand's. Triggers on: \"chart\", \"graph\", \"plot\", \"data viz\", \"visualization\", \"dashboard\", \"analytics\", \"visualize data\", \"categorical colors\", \"sequential / diverging palette\", \"stat tile\", \"sparkline\", \"heatmap\", \"legend\", \"axis\", \"tooltip\", \"chart colors\", \"color by series\".\n- update-config: Use this skill to configure the Claude Code harness via settings.json. Automated behaviors (\"from now on when X\", \"each time X\", \"whenever X\", \"before/after X\") require hooks configured in settings.json - the harness executes these, not Claude, so memory/preferences cannot fulfill them. 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Examples: \"rebind ctrl+s\", \"add a chord shortcut\", \"change the submit key\", \"customize keybindings\".\n- code-review: Review the current diff, or a PR number/branch/path target, for correctness bugs and reuse/simplification/efficiency cleanups at the given effort level (low/medium: fewer, high-confidence findings; high→max: broader coverage, may include uncertain findings); with no level given, it reuses the level you typed last. Pass --comment to post findings as inline PR comments, or --fix to apply the findings to the working tree after the review.\n- simplify: Review the changed code for reuse, simplification, efficiency, and altitude cleanups, then apply the fixes. Quality only — it does not hunt for bugs; use /code-review for that.\n- fewer-permission-prompts: Scan your transcripts for common read-only Bash and MCP tool calls, then add a prioritized allowlist to project .claude/settings.json to reduce permission prompts.\n- loop: Run a prompt or slash command on a recurring interval (e.g. /loop 5m /foo). Omit the interval to let the model self-pace. - When the user wants to set up a recurring task, poll for status, or run something repeatedly on an interval (e.g. \"check the deploy every 5 minutes\", \"keep running /babysit-prs\"). Do NOT invoke for one-off tasks.\n- schedule: Create, update, list, or run scheduled cloud agents (routines) that execute on a cron schedule. - When the user wants to schedule a recurring cloud agent, set up automated tasks, create a cron job for Claude Code, or manage their scheduled agents/routines. Also use when the user wants a one-time scheduled run (\"run this once at 3pm\", \"remind me to check X tomorrow\").\n- claude-api: Reference for the Claude API / Anthropic SDK — model ids, pricing, params, streaming, tool use, MCP, agents, caching, token counting, model migration.\nTRIGGER — read BEFORE opening the target file; don't skip because it \"looks like a one-liner\" — whenever: the prompt names Claude/Anthropic in any form (Claude, Anthropic, Fable, Opus, Sonnet, Haiku, `anthropic`, `@anthropic-ai`, `claude-*`, `us.anthropic.*`, `[1m]`); the user asks about an LLM (pricing/model choice/limits/caching) — never answer from memory; OR the task is LLM-shaped with provider unstated (agent/MCP/tool-definition/multi-agent/RAG/LLM-judge/computer-use; generate/summarize/extract/classify/rewrite/converse over NL; debugging refusals/cutoffs/streaming/tool-calls/tokens).\nSKIP only when another provider is being worked on (overrides all triggers): OpenAI/GPT/Gemini/Llama/Mistral/Cohere/Ollama named in the query; OR `grep -rE 'openai|langchain_openai|google.generativeai|genai|mistralai|cohere|ollama'` over the project hits (run this grep FIRST if no provider named — don't Read the file).\n- workflow-authoring: Reference for writing a Workflow tool script (script API and gotchas, resume, quality patterns, worked examples). Load before authoring a script for a workflow the user already opted into; it does not itself authorize running one.\n- run: Launch and drive this project's app to see a change working. Use when asked to run, start, or screenshot the app, or to confirm a change works in the real app (not just tests). First looks for a project skill that already covers launching the app; otherwise falls back to built-in patterns per project type (CLI, server, TUI, Electron, browser-driven, library).\n- init: Initialize a new CLAUDE.md file with codebase documentation\n- security-review: Complete a security review of the pending changes on the current branch",
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Harness context total tokens reminder
{
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02

List task files

+00:01

Model text

I'll start by investigating the production model.

Tool callBashList task files Returned

Tool call · Input

ls -la /task/ /task/current_model/ /task/data/ && wc -l /task/current_model/*.py /task/evaluate_public.py

Tool response

/task/:
total 40
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Sep 24 17:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Sep 24 17:35 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 root root    0 Sep 24 17:30 .keep
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Sep 24 17:30 current_model
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Sep 24 17:30 data
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 5774 Sep 24 17:30 evaluate_public.py
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 8265 Sep 24 17:30 ranking_evaluation.py
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1295 Sep 24 17:30 requirements.txt

/task/current_model/:
total 104
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root  4096 Sep 24 17:30 .
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root  4096 Sep 24 17:32 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 80058 Sep 24 17:30 train_current_model.py
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 15985 Sep 24 17:30 two_tower_model.py

/task/data/:
total 347392
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root      4096 Sep 24 17:30 .
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root      4096 Sep 24 17:32 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 root root    349352 Sep 24 17:30 candidate_catalog.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root     84127 Sep 24 17:30 target_users.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   7736341 Sep 24 17:30 test_eligible_candidates.npz
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   1092329 Sep 24 17:30 test_preference_state.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root    857213 Sep 24 17:30 train_dislikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   5374652 Sep 24 17:30 train_likes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 319183255 Sep 24 17:30 train_listens.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root    155988 Sep 24 17:30 train_undislikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   1855885 Sep 24 17:30 train_unlikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root     36571 Sep 24 17:30 val_dislikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root    298484 Sep 24 17:30 val_likes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   9947609 Sep 24 17:30 val_listens.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root      7845 Sep 24 17:30 val_undislikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root     72536 Sep 24 17:30 val_unlikes.parquet
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   7573821 Sep 24 17:30 validation_eligible_candidates.npz
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   1061761 Sep 24 17:30 validation_preference_state.parquet
  2164 /task/current_model/train_current_model.py
   433 /task/current_model/two_tower_model.py
   157 /task/evaluate_public.py
  2754 total
Tool callBashCheck CPU resources Returned

Tool call · Input

nproc; free -g; python -c "import torch; print(torch.__version__)"

Tool response

8
               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:              15           1           0           0          13          14
Swap:              0           0           0
2.8.0+cpu
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14981196 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
03

Copy model source

+00:07
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashCopy model source Returned

Tool call · Input

mkdir -p /app/solution && cp /task/current_model/*.py /app/solution/ && ls -la /app/solution/

Tool response

total 108
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent  4096 Sep 24 17:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent  4096 Sep 24 17:32 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 agent agent 80058 Sep 24 17:36 train_current_model.py
-r--r--r-- 1 agent agent 15985 Sep 24 17:36 two_tower_model.py
Tool callBashRead evaluator Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1,120p /task/evaluate_public.py

Tool response

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Score a validation-stage ranking against public discovery labels.

``build_task.py`` publishes this module with the solver-visible task files. It
loads target users, validation eligibility, and validation-window events from
the adjacent ``data`` directory, then evaluates one ranking supplied on the
command line. Stage-independent mechanics come from the adjacent public
``ranking_evaluation.py`` module. The builder installs the same checked-in
module in the private judge, so public and private scoring mechanics cannot
drift. A relevant candidate receives grade 3 for an organic like or grade 1 for
an organic listen with at least 80 percent completion; a like takes precedence
when both events exist.

Before scoring, the ranking must contain exactly 100 distinct eligible items
for every target user, with integer-valued ``uid``, ``item_id``, and ``rank``
columns and ranks 1 through 100 exactly once per user. Extra columns are
ignored. Quality is graded NDCG@10, averaged only over users who have at least
one eligible relevant item in the validation window.

The evaluator prints a JSON object containing the model path and scores. It
does not apply the task's pass threshold; its purpose is model development and
selection. The private judge applies the threshold to the final submission.

Usage::

    python evaluate_public.py <validation-ranking.parquet|csv>
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import json
import sys
from pathlib import Path

import pandas as pd

from ranking_evaluation import (
    CandidateSet,
    RankingValidationError,
    ranked_items,
    read_ranking,
    score_rankings,
    validate_ranking,
)


HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
DATA = HERE / "data"
LISTEN_STRONG = 80


def validation_truth(
    eligibility: CandidateSet, targets: set[int]
) -> dict[int, dict[int, int]]:
    """Build cutoff-correct graded relevance from public validation events.

    Only target-user events for eligible candidates are retained. Organic
    listens completed to at least 80 percent receive grade 1, and organic likes
    receive grade 3. Repeated user-item events are collapsed, and processing
    likes second ensures that grade 3 wins over grade 1.

    Args:
        eligibility: Validation-cutoff candidate membership service.
        targets: Complete set of target user IDs.

    Returns:
        A nested ``uid -> item_id -> grade`` mapping. Users without an eligible
        relevant event are omitted.
    """
    listens = pd.read_parquet(DATA / "val_listens.parquet")
    likes = pd.read_parquet(DATA / "val_likes.parquet")
    strong = listens[
        listens.uid.isin(targets)
        & (listens.is_organic == 1)
        & (listens.played_ratio_pct >= LISTEN_STRONG)
    ][["uid", "item_id"]].drop_duplicates()
    organic_likes = likes[
        likes.uid.isin(targets) & (likes.is_organic == 1)
    ][["uid", "item_id"]].drop_duplicates()

    graded: dict[int, dict[int, int]] = {}
    for raw_uid, raw_item in strong.itertuples(index=False, name=None):
        uid, item = int(raw_uid), int(raw_item)
        if eligibility.is_eligible(uid, item):
            graded.setdefault(uid, {})[item] = 1
    for raw_uid, raw_item in organic_likes.itertuples(index=False, name=None):
        uid, item = int(raw_uid), int(raw_item)
        if eligibility.is_eligible(uid, item):
            graded.setdefault(uid, {})[item] = 3
    return graded


def load_submission(
    path: Path, eligibility: CandidateSet, targets: set[int]
) -> dict[int, list[int]]:
    """Load and validate a public validation ranking.

    Files ending in ``.parquet`` are read as parquet; every other suffix is
    read as CSV. The required columns must be integer-valued, cover exactly the
    target-user set, contain 100 rows and ranks 1 through 100 per user, avoid
    duplicate user-item pairs, and contain only cutoff-eligible items.

    Args:
        path: Ranking file to read.
        eligibility: Validation-cutoff candidate membership service.
        targets: Exact set of users the ranking must cover.

    Returns:
        A ``uid -> ranked item IDs`` mapping ordered by ascending rank.

    Raises:
        ValueError: If the ranking violates the required schema or invariants.
    """
    frame = validate_ranking(read_ranking(path), targets)
    if not all(
        eligibility.is_eligible(uid, item)
        for uid, item in frame[["uid", "item_id"]].itertuples(index=False, name=None)
    ):
        raise RankingValidationError(
            "submission contains an item rejected by eligibility service"
        )
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14979657 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
04

Outline trainer

+00:10
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashOutline trainer Returned

Tool call · Input

grep -n "^def \|^class \|^# ---\|^    def " /task/current_model/train_current_model.py | head -120

Tool response

41:class Config:
76:class CandidateSet:
82:    def read(cls, path: Path) -> "CandidateSet":
99:class SequenceData:
118:    def lengths(self) -> np.ndarray:
122:    def target_count(self) -> int:
127:class TargetPartition:
136:    def selected_count(self) -> int:
140:def log(message: str) -> None:
144:def seed_everything(seed: int) -> None:
150:def model_config(config: Config) -> base.TowerConfig:
174:def append_state_snapshot(
190:def causal_activity_features(
247:def build_sequence_parts(
314:def final_user_features(
341:def prepare_data(
471:def cache_metadata(stage: str, config: Config) -> dict[str, object]:
481:def save_cache(
493:def load_cache(path: Path, stage: str, config: Config) -> SequenceData:
511:def load_or_prepare(
534:def build_item_correction(
578:def build_known_positive_filter(
609:def invalid_full_history_negatives(
630:def draw_full_history_filtered_negatives(
724:def draw_training_negatives(
763:def event_sequence(
774:def pool_explicit_states(
798:def user_queries(
813:def candidate_vectors(
828:def history_windows(
845:def corrected_negative_loss(
867:def retained_target_window_starts(
888:def chronological_target_partition(
914:def load_organic_like_outcomes(
955:def build_target_weights(
1035:def build_dense_block(
1111:def score_target_microbatches(
1198:def release_accelerator_cache(device: torch.device) -> None:
1203:def run_training_epoch(
1364:def evaluate_validation_bce(
1488:def snapshot_model(model: nn.Module) -> dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
1495:def save_epoch_checkpoint(
1521:def train_model(
1782:def inference_queries(
1861:def rank_candidates(
1912:def write_ranking(frame: pd.DataFrame, output: Path) -> None:
1922:def main() -> int:
Tool callBashOutline model Returned

Tool call · Input

grep -n "^def \|^class \|^    def " /task/current_model/two_tower_model.py

Tool response

27:class TowerConfig:
49:class ListenEvents:
57:class ExplicitEvents:
65:def log(message: str) -> None:
69:def build_item_features(catalog: pd.DataFrame) -> np.ndarray:
90:def _combine_listen_chunks(parts: list[ListenEvents]) -> ListenEvents:
106:def iter_listen_users(
157:def merge_listen_streams(
175:def load_explicit_events(
228:def empty_explicit_events() -> ExplicitEvents:
238:def pack_active_items(
251:def load_inference_state(
284:class SequentialTwoTower(nn.Module):
287:    def __init__(self, item_features: np.ndarray, config: TowerConfig) -> None:
332:    def _mean_context_channel(self, items: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
339:    def encode_items(self, items: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
346:def invalid_negative_mask(
363:def draw_filtered_mixed_negatives(
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14977476 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
05

Read config

+00:14
Tool callBashRead config Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1,180p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Train the Yambda windowed two-tower baseline.

Every catalog listen with at least 50 percent completion is a sequence token.
Within each selected chronological window, every adjacent target contributes a
loss.  The fast default retains each user's most recent 128 training targets and
16 held-out validation targets; passing zero for either cap restores the
uncapped behavior for that side of the split.  A 100-step truncated-BPTT block
computes all of its timestep losses and carries the detached GRU hidden state
into the next block.

The model is a pure two-tower retriever: no user-ID embedding, no output
normalization, raw dot-product retrieval, sample-weighted binary cross entropy,
and 24 uniform plus eight propensity-corrected unique in-batch negatives. Every
selected adjacent target retains a nonzero weight. Only files under the supplied
public directory are read.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import argparse
import json
import random
import sys
import time
from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
from pathlib import Path

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.nn import functional as F

import two_tower_model as base


CACHE_VERSION = 2


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Config:
    bptt_steps: int = 100
    user_batch_size: int = 64
    embedding_dim: int = 192
    hidden_dim: int = 192
    user_hidden_1: int = 512
    user_hidden_2: int = 256
    item_hidden_1: int = 512
    item_hidden_2: int = 256
    dropout: float = 0.05
    epochs: int = 1
    learning_rate: float = 1.0e-3
    weight_decay: float = 1.0e-5
    gradient_clip: float = 2.0
    loss_microbatch_size: int = 65_536
    uniform_negatives: int = 24
    inbatch_negatives: int = 8
    inbatch_correction_power: float = 0.5
    inbatch_correction_min: float = 0.25
    inbatch_correction_max: float = 4.0
    negative_filter_scope: str = "full-training-history"
    target_weighting: str = "organic-strong"
    ordinary_target_weight: float = 0.25
    organic_strong_target_weight: float = 1.0
    organic_like_target_weight: float = 3.0
    discovery_horizon_days: int = 7
    validation_fraction: float = 0.10
    max_train_targets_per_user: int = 128
    max_validation_targets_per_user: int = 16
    early_stopping_patience: int = 1
    early_stopping_min_delta: float = 1.0e-4
    seed: int = 29


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class CandidateSet:
    uids: np.ndarray
    item_ids: np.ndarray
    packed: np.ndarray

    @classmethod
    def read(cls, path: Path) -> "CandidateSet":
        with np.load(path, allow_pickle=False) as artifact:
            result = cls(
                uids=artifact["uids"].astype(np.int64, copy=True),
                item_ids=artifact["item_ids"].astype(np.int64, copy=True),
                packed=artifact["packed_eligible"].astype(np.uint8, copy=True),
            )
        expected = (len(result.uids), (len(result.item_ids) + 7) // 8)
        if result.packed.shape != expected:
            raise ValueError(
                f"invalid candidate artifact shape {result.packed.shape}; "
                f"expected {expected}"
            )
        return result


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SequenceData:
    item_ids: np.ndarray
    item_features: np.ndarray
    user_ids: np.ndarray
    offsets: np.ndarray
    sequence_timestamps: np.ndarray
    sequence_items: np.ndarray
    event_features: np.ndarray
    activity_features: np.ndarray
    state_ids: np.ndarray
    liked_states: np.ndarray
    disliked_states: np.ndarray
    state_counts: np.ndarray
    inference_user_rows: np.ndarray
    inference_liked_items: np.ndarray
    inference_disliked_items: np.ndarray
    inference_user_features: np.ndarray

    @property
    def lengths(self) -> np.ndarray:
        return np.diff(self.offsets)

    @property
    def target_count(self) -> int:
        return int(np.maximum(self.lengths - 1, 0).sum())


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class TargetPartition:
    """A contiguous recent target window and its chronological BCE split."""

    window_starts: np.ndarray
    training_counts: np.ndarray
    validation_counts: np.ndarray
    history_training_counts: np.ndarray

    @property
    def selected_count(self) -> int:
        return int(self.training_counts.sum() + self.validation_counts.sum())


def log(message: str) -> None:
    print(message, file=sys.stderr, flush=True)


def seed_everything(seed: int) -> None:
    random.seed(seed)
    np.random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)


def model_config(config: Config) -> base.TowerConfig:
    """Map the dense trainer configuration onto the unchanged tower."""
    return base.TowerConfig(
        sequence_length=config.bptt_steps,
        embedding_dim=config.embedding_dim,
        hidden_dim=config.hidden_dim,
        user_hidden_1=config.user_hidden_1,
        user_hidden_2=config.user_hidden_2,
        item_hidden_1=config.item_hidden_1,
        item_hidden_2=config.item_hidden_2,
        dropout=config.dropout,
        epochs=config.epochs,
        learning_rate=config.learning_rate,
        weight_decay=config.weight_decay,
        gradient_clip=config.gradient_clip,
        uniform_negatives=config.uniform_negatives,
        inbatch_negatives=config.inbatch_negatives,
        inbatch_correction_power=config.inbatch_correction_power,
        inbatch_correction_min=config.inbatch_correction_min,
        inbatch_correction_max=config.inbatch_correction_max,
        seed=config.seed,
    )


def append_state_snapshot(
    active_likes: dict[int, int],
    active_dislikes: dict[int, int],
    n_items: int,
    liked_states: list[np.ndarray],
    disliked_states: list[np.ndarray],
    state_counts: list[tuple[int, int]],
Tool callBashRead model class Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 280,433p /task/current_model/two_tower_model.py

Tool response

            destination[row, : len(retained)] = retained.astype(np.uint16)
    return liked, disliked, like_counts, dislike_counts


class SequentialTwoTower(nn.Module):
    """Order-sensitive user tower and independent catalog-aware item tower."""

    def __init__(self, item_features: np.ndarray, config: TowerConfig) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        n_items, n_item_features = item_features.shape
        dim = config.embedding_dim
        self.n_items = n_items
        self.context_embedding = nn.Embedding(
            n_items + 1, dim, padding_idx=n_items
        )
        self.event_projection = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(dim + 3, config.hidden_dim),
            nn.GELU(),
        )
        self.sequence_encoder = nn.GRU(
            input_size=config.hidden_dim,
            hidden_size=dim,
            num_layers=1,
            batch_first=True,
        )
        self.user_tower = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(dim * 3 + 6, config.user_hidden_1),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Dropout(config.dropout),
            nn.Linear(config.user_hidden_1, config.user_hidden_2),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Dropout(config.dropout),
            nn.Linear(config.user_hidden_2, dim),
        )
        self.candidate_embedding = nn.Embedding(n_items, dim)
        self.register_buffer(
            "item_features", torch.from_numpy(item_features), persistent=True
        )
        self.item_tower = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(dim + n_item_features, config.item_hidden_1),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Dropout(config.dropout),
            nn.Linear(config.item_hidden_1, config.item_hidden_2),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Dropout(config.dropout),
            nn.Linear(config.item_hidden_2, dim),
        )
        nn.init.normal_(self.context_embedding.weight, std=0.02)
        nn.init.normal_(self.candidate_embedding.weight, std=0.02)
        with torch.no_grad():
            self.context_embedding.weight[n_items].zero_()

    def _mean_context_channel(self, items: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        mask = items.ne(self.n_items)
        vectors = self.context_embedding(items)
        return (vectors * mask.unsqueeze(-1)).sum(dim=1) / mask.sum(
            dim=1, keepdim=True
        ).clamp_min(1)

    def encode_items(self, items: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        inputs = torch.cat(
            [self.candidate_embedding(items), self.item_features[items]], dim=1
        )
        return self.item_tower(inputs)


def invalid_negative_mask(
    negatives: torch.Tensor,
    targets: torch.Tensor,
    context_items: torch.Tensor,
    liked_items: torch.Tensor,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Identify targets, known positives, active likes, and row duplicates."""
    invalid = negatives.eq(targets[:, None])
    invalid |= negatives[:, :, None].eq(context_items[:, None, :]).any(dim=2)
    invalid |= negatives[:, :, None].eq(liked_items[:, None, :]).any(dim=2)
    for column in range(1, negatives.shape[1]):
        invalid[:, column] |= negatives[:, column, None].eq(
            negatives[:, :column]
        ).any(dim=1)
    return invalid


def draw_filtered_mixed_negatives(
    targets: torch.Tensor,
    context_items: torch.Tensor,
    liked_items: torch.Tensor,
    n_items: int,
    uniform_count: int,
    inbatch_count: int,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Draw uniform and unique-target in-batch negatives."""
    batch_size = len(targets)
    uniform = torch.randint(
        n_items,
        (batch_size, uniform_count),
        generator=generator,
        device="cpu",
    )
    inbatch = torch.empty((batch_size, 0), dtype=torch.long, device="cpu")
    corrected_count = 0
    if inbatch_count:
        unique_targets = torch.unique(targets.detach().cpu())
        corrected_count = min(inbatch_count, max(len(unique_targets) - 1, 0))
        if corrected_count:
            priorities = torch.rand(
                (batch_size, len(unique_targets)), generator=generator
            )
            priorities.masked_fill_(
                unique_targets[None, :].eq(targets.detach().cpu()[:, None]),
                -1.0,
            )
            columns = torch.topk(priorities, k=corrected_count, dim=1).indices
            inbatch = unique_targets[columns]
        if corrected_count < inbatch_count:
            filler = torch.randint(
                n_items,
                (batch_size, inbatch_count - corrected_count),
                generator=generator,
                device="cpu",
            )
            inbatch = torch.cat([inbatch, filler], dim=1)

    negatives_cpu = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1)
    correction_cpu = torch.ones_like(negatives_cpu, dtype=torch.float32)
    if corrected_count:
        correction_cpu[
            :, uniform_count : uniform_count + corrected_count
        ] = item_correction[inbatch[:, :corrected_count]]
    negatives = negatives_cpu.to(device)
    correction = correction_cpu.to(device)
    for _ in range(32):
        invalid = invalid_negative_mask(
            negatives, targets, context_items, liked_items
        )
        if not bool(invalid.any()):
            return negatives, correction
        replacements = torch.randint(
            n_items,
            (int(invalid.sum().detach().cpu()),),
            generator=generator,
            device="cpu",
        ).to(device)
        negatives[invalid] = replacements
        correction[invalid] = 1.0
    invalid = invalid_negative_mask(
        negatives, targets, context_items, liked_items
    )
    if bool(invalid.any()):
        raise RuntimeError("mixed negative resampling failed false-negative filter")
    return negatives, correction
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14976141 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
06

Start baseline run

+00:17
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashStart baseline run Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && chmod u+w *.py && nohup python train_current_model.py --stage validation --public-dir /task --output /app/solution/production_validation.parquet > /app/solution/baseline.log 2>&1 &
echo started

Options

{
  "run_in_background": false
}

Tool response

started
Tool callBashRead main Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1922,2164p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def main() -> int:
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--stage", choices=("validation", "submission"), default="validation"
    )
    parser.add_argument("--output", type=Path, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--public-dir", type=Path, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--prepared-cache", type=Path)
    parser.add_argument("--device", choices=("cpu", "mps"), default="cpu")
    parser.add_argument("--threads", type=int, default=8)
    parser.add_argument("--bptt-steps", type=int, default=Config.bptt_steps)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--user-batch-size", type=int, default=Config.user_batch_size
    )
    parser.add_argument("--epochs", type=int, default=Config.epochs)
    parser.add_argument("--learning-rate", type=float, default=Config.learning_rate)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--loss-microbatch-size",
        type=int,
        default=Config.loss_microbatch_size,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--negative-filter-scope",
        choices=("full-training-history", "last-100"),
        default=Config.negative_filter_scope,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--target-weighting",
        choices=("discovery-graded", "organic-strong", "uniform"),
        default=Config.target_weighting,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--ordinary-target-weight",
        type=float,
        default=Config.ordinary_target_weight,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--organic-strong-target-weight",
        type=float,
        default=Config.organic_strong_target_weight,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--organic-like-target-weight",
        type=float,
        default=Config.organic_like_target_weight,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--discovery-horizon-days",
        type=int,
        default=Config.discovery_horizon_days,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--validation-fraction",
        type=float,
        default=Config.validation_fraction,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--max-train-targets-per-user",
        type=int,
        default=Config.max_train_targets_per_user,
        help="retain this many recent pre-validation targets per user; 0 is uncapped",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--max-validation-targets-per-user",
        type=int,
        default=Config.max_validation_targets_per_user,
        help="retain this many final validation targets per user; 0 is uncapped",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--early-stopping-patience",
        type=int,
        default=Config.early_stopping_patience,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--early-stopping-min-delta",
        type=float,
        default=Config.early_stopping_min_delta,
    )
    parser.add_argument("--checkpoint-dir", type=Path)
    parser.add_argument("--resume-checkpoint", type=Path)
    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=Config.seed)
    parser.add_argument("--ranking-batch-size", type=int, default=64)
    parser.add_argument("--prepare-only", action="store_true")
    args = parser.parse_args()

    if args.threads < 1 or args.bptt_steps < 2 or args.user_batch_size < 1:
        parser.error("threads, BPTT steps, and user batch size must be positive")
    if (
        args.epochs < 1
        or args.learning_rate <= 0
        or args.loss_microbatch_size < 1
        or args.early_stopping_patience < 1
        or args.early_stopping_min_delta < 0
        or args.ordinary_target_weight <= 0
        or args.organic_strong_target_weight <= 0
        or args.organic_like_target_weight <= 0
        or args.discovery_horizon_days < 1
        or args.max_train_targets_per_user < 0
        or args.max_validation_targets_per_user < 0
    ):
        parser.error("training counts, learning rate, and patience are invalid")
    if not 0.0 < args.validation_fraction < 1.0:
        parser.error("validation fraction must be strictly between zero and one")
    public = args.public_dir.resolve()
    if not (public / "data" / "candidate_catalog.parquet").is_file():
        parser.error(f"public task data not found under {public}")
    config = Config(
        bptt_steps=args.bptt_steps,
        user_batch_size=args.user_batch_size,
        epochs=args.epochs,
        learning_rate=args.learning_rate,
        loss_microbatch_size=args.loss_microbatch_size,
        negative_filter_scope=args.negative_filter_scope,
        target_weighting=args.target_weighting,
        ordinary_target_weight=args.ordinary_target_weight,
        organic_strong_target_weight=args.organic_strong_target_weight,
        organic_like_target_weight=args.organic_like_target_weight,
        discovery_horizon_days=args.discovery_horizon_days,
        validation_fraction=args.validation_fraction,
        max_train_targets_per_user=args.max_train_targets_per_user,
        max_validation_targets_per_user=args.max_validation_targets_per_user,
        early_stopping_patience=args.early_stopping_patience,
        early_stopping_min_delta=args.early_stopping_min_delta,
        seed=args.seed,
    )
    torch.set_num_threads(args.threads)
    torch.set_num_interop_threads(1)
    seed_everything(config.seed)
    device = torch.device(args.device)
    if device.type == "mps" and not torch.backends.mps.is_available():
        parser.error("MPS was requested but is unavailable")

    started = time.monotonic()
    prepared, eligibility = load_or_prepare(
        public,
        args.stage,
        config,
        args.prepared_cache.resolve() if args.prepared_cache else None,
    )
    target_partition = chronological_target_partition(
        prepared,
        config.validation_fraction,
        config.max_train_targets_per_user,
        config.max_validation_targets_per_user,
    )
    if args.prepare_only:
        print(
            json.dumps(
                {
                    "stage": args.stage,
                    "sequence_users": len(prepared.user_ids),
                    "sequence_tokens": len(prepared.sequence_items),
                    "next_item_targets": prepared.target_count,
                    "selected_training_targets": int(
                        target_partition.training_counts.sum()
                    ),
                    "selected_validation_targets": int(
                        target_partition.validation_counts.sum()
                    ),
                    "discarded_old_targets": int(
                        target_partition.window_starts.sum()
                    ),
                    "target_users": len(eligibility.uids),
                    "runtime_seconds": round(time.monotonic() - started, 3),
                    "config": asdict(config),
                },
                indent=2,
            )
        )
        return 0

    model, training_history = train_model(
        public,
        args.stage,
        prepared,
        config,
        device,
        args.checkpoint_dir.resolve() if args.checkpoint_dir else None,
        args.resume_checkpoint.resolve() if args.resume_checkpoint else None,
    )
    ranking, embedding_diagnostics = rank_candidates(
        model,
        prepared,
        eligibility,
        config,
        device,
        args.ranking_batch_size,
    )
    write_ranking(ranking, args.output.resolve())
    print(
        json.dumps(
            {
                "baseline": "yambda-windowed-sequence-two-tower-base",
                "stage": args.stage,
                "output": str(args.output.resolve()),
                "rows": len(ranking),
                "users": int(ranking.uid.nunique()),
                "runtime_seconds": round(time.monotonic() - started, 3),
                "public_inputs_only": True,
                "architecture": {
                    "family": "pure-windowed-sequence-two-tower",
                    "sequence_training": (
                        "every-adjacent-target-within-recent-chronological-window"
                    ),
                    "sequence_encoder": "one-layer-GRU-dense-timestep-loss",
                    "bptt_hidden_state": "carried-and-detached",
                    "model_selection": "chronological-validation-BCE-early-stopping",
                    "loss_execution": "gradient-accumulated-microbatches",
                    "user_id_embedding": False,
                    "user_mlp": "582-512-256-192",
                    "item_mlp": "196-512-256-192",
                    "normalization": "none",
                    "score": "raw-dot-product",
                    "objective": "sample-weighted-BCE-at-every-timestep",
                    "negative_sampling": (
                        "24-uniform-plus-8-propensity-corrected-inbatch"
                    ),
                    "false_negative_filter": config.negative_filter_scope,
                    "target_weighting": config.target_weighting,
                },
                "config": asdict(config),
                "sequence_tokens": len(prepared.sequence_items),
                "all_next_item_targets": prepared.target_count,
                "selected_training_targets": int(
                    target_partition.training_counts.sum()
                ),
                "selected_validation_targets": int(
                    target_partition.validation_counts.sum()
                ),
                "discarded_old_targets": int(target_partition.window_starts.sum()),
                "training_history": training_history,
                "embedding_diagnostics": embedding_diagnostics,
                "torch_version": torch.__version__,
                "device": str(device),
            },
            indent=2,
        )
    )
    return 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
    raise SystemExit(main())
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14971150 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
07

Read negative sampling

+00:21
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashRead negative sampling Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 534,900p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def build_item_correction(
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    target_starts: np.ndarray,
    target_counts: np.ndarray,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Estimate in-batch propensities from the selected training targets."""
    counts = np.zeros(len(prepared.item_ids), dtype=np.float64)
    for user_row, count in enumerate(target_counts):
        if not count:
            continue
        offset = int(prepared.offsets[user_row])
        target_start = int(target_starts[user_row])
        counts += np.bincount(
            prepared.sequence_items[
                offset
                + target_start
                + 1 : offset
                + target_start
                + int(count)
                + 1
            ].astype(np.int64),
            minlength=len(prepared.item_ids),
        )
    total = float(counts.sum())
    probabilities = (counts + 1.0) / (total + len(counts))
    raw = np.power(
        (1.0 / len(counts)) / probabilities,
        config.inbatch_correction_power,
    )
    normalization = float(np.sum(counts * raw) / max(total, 1.0))
    correction = np.clip(
        raw / max(normalization, 1.0e-12),
        config.inbatch_correction_min,
        config.inbatch_correction_max,
    ).astype(np.float32)
    mean_on_targets = float(np.sum(counts * correction) / max(total, 1.0))
    log(
        f"inbatch correction: min={correction.min():.3f} "
        f"mean_on_targets={mean_on_targets:.3f} max={correction.max():.3f}"
    )
    return torch.from_numpy(correction)


def build_known_positive_filter(
    prepared: SequenceData, training_counts: np.ndarray
) -> np.ndarray:
    """Pack each user's complete public-training positive-item set."""
    width = (len(prepared.item_ids) + 7) // 8
    packed = np.zeros((len(prepared.user_ids), width), dtype=np.uint8)
    retained = 0
    for user_row, target_count in enumerate(training_counts):
        if not target_count:
            continue
        offset = int(prepared.offsets[user_row])
        # T adjacent targets consume sequence positions 0 through T.  The
        # chronological BCE suffix starts at T + 1 and is intentionally absent.
        items = np.unique(
            prepared.sequence_items[
                offset : offset + int(target_count) + 1
            ].astype(np.int64)
        )
        byte_columns = items >> 3
        bit_values = np.left_shift(
            np.uint8(1), (items & 7).astype(np.uint8)
        )
        np.bitwise_or.at(packed[user_row], byte_columns, bit_values)
        retained += len(items)
    log(
        f"full-history false-negative filter: users={len(prepared.user_ids):,} "
        f"unique_user_items={retained:,} bytes={packed.nbytes:,}"
    )
    return packed


def invalid_full_history_negatives(
    negatives: np.ndarray,
    targets: np.ndarray,
    user_rows: np.ndarray,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray,
    liked_items: np.ndarray,
) -> np.ndarray:
    """Return row-level invalid negatives using the complete training prefix."""
    byte_columns = negatives >> 3
    bit_columns = negatives & 7
    known = known_positive_packed[user_rows[:, None], byte_columns]
    invalid = ((known >> bit_columns) & 1).astype(bool)
    invalid |= negatives == targets[:, None]
    invalid |= (negatives[:, :, None] == liked_items[:, None, :]).any(axis=2)
    for column in range(1, negatives.shape[1]):
        invalid[:, column] |= (
            negatives[:, column, None] == negatives[:, :column]
        ).any(axis=1)
    return invalid


def draw_full_history_filtered_negatives(
    targets: torch.Tensor,
    user_rows: np.ndarray,
    liked_items: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray,
    n_items: int,
    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Draw mixed negatives and reject all known public-training positives."""
    targets_cpu = targets.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    liked_cpu = liked_items.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    batch_size = len(targets_cpu)
    uniform = torch.randint(
        n_items,
        (batch_size, config.uniform_negatives),
        generator=generator,
        device="cpu",
    )
    inbatch = torch.empty((batch_size, 0), dtype=torch.long)
    corrected_count = 0
    if config.inbatch_negatives:
        unique_targets = torch.unique(targets.detach().cpu())
        corrected_count = min(
            config.inbatch_negatives, max(len(unique_targets) - 1, 0)
        )
        if corrected_count:
            priorities = torch.rand(
                (batch_size, len(unique_targets)), generator=generator
            )
            priorities.masked_fill_(
                unique_targets[None, :].eq(
                    torch.from_numpy(targets_cpu)[:, None]
                ),
                -1.0,
            )
            columns = torch.topk(
                priorities, k=corrected_count, dim=1
            ).indices
            inbatch = unique_targets[columns]
        if corrected_count < config.inbatch_negatives:
            filler = torch.randint(
                n_items,
                (batch_size, config.inbatch_negatives - corrected_count),
                generator=generator,
                device="cpu",
            )
            inbatch = torch.cat([inbatch, filler], dim=1)

    negatives = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1).numpy()
    correction = np.ones_like(negatives, dtype=np.float32)
    if corrected_count:
        correction[
            :, config.uniform_negatives : config.uniform_negatives + corrected_count
        ] = item_correction[inbatch[:, :corrected_count]].numpy()
    for _ in range(32):
        invalid = invalid_full_history_negatives(
            negatives,
            targets_cpu,
            user_rows,
            known_positive_packed,
            liked_cpu,
        )
        if not np.any(invalid):
            return (
                torch.from_numpy(negatives).to(device),
                torch.from_numpy(correction).to(device),
            )
        replacements = torch.randint(
            n_items,
            (int(invalid.sum()),),
            generator=generator,
            device="cpu",
        ).numpy()
        negatives[invalid] = replacements
        # Rejected in-batch items become ordinary uniform draws.
        correction[invalid] = 1.0
    invalid = invalid_full_history_negatives(
        negatives,
        targets_cpu,
        user_rows,
        known_positive_packed,
        liked_cpu,
    )
    if np.any(invalid):
        raise RuntimeError("full-history negative resampling failed")
    return (
        torch.from_numpy(negatives).to(device),
        torch.from_numpy(correction).to(device),
    )


def draw_training_negatives(
    positive_items: torch.Tensor,
    known_history: torch.Tensor,
    liked_items: torch.Tensor,
    user_rows: np.ndarray,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    if config.negative_filter_scope == "full-training-history":
        if known_positive_packed is None:
            raise RuntimeError("full-history negative filter was not built")
        return draw_full_history_filtered_negatives(
            positive_items,
            user_rows,
            liked_items,
            known_positive_packed,
            len(prepared.item_ids),
            config,
            item_correction,
            generator,
            device,
        )
    return base.draw_filtered_mixed_negatives(
        positive_items,
        known_history,
        liked_items,
        len(prepared.item_ids),
        config.uniform_negatives,
        config.inbatch_negatives,
        item_correction,
        generator,
        device,
    )


def event_sequence(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    items: torch.Tensor,
    features: torch.Tensor,
    hidden: torch.Tensor,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    inputs = torch.cat([model.context_embedding(items), features], dim=-1)
    projected = model.event_projection(inputs)
    return model.sequence_encoder(projected, hidden)


def pool_explicit_states(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    state_ids: np.ndarray,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    unique_states, inverse = np.unique(state_ids, return_inverse=True)
    liked_items = torch.from_numpy(
        prepared.liked_states[unique_states].astype(np.int64)
    ).to(device)
    disliked_items = torch.from_numpy(
        prepared.disliked_states[unique_states].astype(np.int64)
    ).to(device)
    liked_vectors = model._mean_context_channel(liked_items)
    disliked_vectors = model._mean_context_channel(disliked_items)
    inverse_rows = torch.from_numpy(inverse.astype(np.int64)).to(device)
    counts = prepared.state_counts[state_ids]
    return (
        liked_vectors[inverse_rows],
        disliked_vectors[inverse_rows],
        torch.from_numpy(counts.astype(np.float32)).to(device),
    )


def user_queries(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    sequence_vectors: torch.Tensor,
    liked_vectors: torch.Tensor,
    disliked_vectors: torch.Tensor,
    user_features: torch.Tensor,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    return model.user_tower(
        torch.cat(
            [sequence_vectors, liked_vectors, disliked_vectors, user_features],
            dim=1,
        )
    )


def candidate_vectors(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    positives: torch.Tensor,
    negatives: torch.Tensor,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    all_items = torch.cat([positives, negatives.reshape(-1)])
    unique_items, inverse = torch.unique(all_items, return_inverse=True)
    encoded = model.encode_items(unique_items)
    positive_vectors = encoded[inverse[: len(positives)]]
    negative_vectors = encoded[inverse[len(positives) :]].reshape(
        len(positives), negatives.shape[1], -1
    )
    return positive_vectors, negative_vectors


def history_windows(
    sequence: np.ndarray,
    start: int,
    count: int,
    width: int,
    padding_item: int,
) -> np.ndarray:
    base_start = max(0, start - width + 1)
    segment = sequence[base_start : start + count]
    padded = np.concatenate(
        [np.full(width - 1, padding_item, dtype=np.uint16), segment]
    )
    windows = np.lib.stride_tricks.sliding_window_view(padded, width)
    offset = start - base_start
    return windows[offset : offset + count].copy()


def corrected_negative_loss(
    logits: torch.Tensor,
    correction: torch.Tensor,
    config: Config,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    raw = F.softplus(logits)
    total = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives
    result = torch.zeros(len(logits), device=logits.device)
    if config.uniform_negatives:
        result += config.uniform_negatives * raw[
            :, : config.uniform_negatives
        ].mean(dim=1)
    if config.inbatch_negatives:
        selected = slice(config.uniform_negatives, total)
        weights = correction[:, selected]
        result += config.inbatch_negatives * (
            (raw[:, selected] * weights).sum(dim=1)
            / weights.sum(dim=1).clamp_min(1.0e-6)
        )
    return result / total


def retained_target_window_starts(
    total_targets: np.ndarray,
    validation_counts: np.ndarray,
    training_counts: np.ndarray,
) -> np.ndarray:
    """Return the discarded prefix before the retained chronological suffix."""
    training_region_ends = total_targets - validation_counts
    window_starts = training_region_ends - training_counts
    if (
        np.any(window_starts < 0)
        or np.any(training_counts < 0)
        or np.any(validation_counts < 0)
    ):
        raise RuntimeError("chronological target partition produced negative counts")
    if not np.array_equal(
        window_starts + training_counts + validation_counts, total_targets
    ):
        raise RuntimeError("chronological target window is not a final contiguous suffix")
    return window_starts


def chronological_target_partition(
    prepared: SequenceData,
    validation_fraction: float,
    max_train_targets_per_user: int,
    max_validation_targets_per_user: int,
) -> TargetPartition:
    """Select a recent contiguous window with a final out-of-time BCE suffix."""
    totals = np.maximum(prepared.lengths - 1, 0).astype(np.int64)
    validation = np.floor(totals * validation_fraction).astype(np.int64)
    validation[(totals >= 2) & (validation == 0)] = 1
    if max_validation_targets_per_user:
        validation = np.minimum(validation, max_validation_targets_per_user)
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14967556 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
08

Read dense block

+00:28
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashRead dense block Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1035,1200p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def build_dense_block(
    prepared: SequenceData,
    target_weights: np.ndarray,
    users: np.ndarray,
    window_starts: np.ndarray,
    process_counts: np.ndarray,
    score_starts: np.ndarray,
    start: int,
    steps: int,
    config: Config,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, ...]:
    """Build one causal sequence block and mark the target rows to score."""
    batch_size = len(users)
    padding_item = len(prepared.item_ids)
    input_items = np.full((batch_size, steps), padding_item, dtype=np.uint16)
    event_features = np.zeros((batch_size, steps, 3), dtype=np.float16)
    activity_features = np.zeros((batch_size, steps, 4), dtype=np.float16)
    state_ids = np.zeros((batch_size, steps), dtype=np.uint32)
    targets = np.zeros((batch_size, steps), dtype=np.uint16)
    weights = np.ones((batch_size, steps), dtype=np.float32)
    scored = np.zeros((batch_size, steps), dtype=bool)
    histories = np.full(
        (batch_size, steps, config.bptt_steps),
        padding_item,
        dtype=np.uint16,
    )
    processed = np.zeros(batch_size, dtype=np.int32)

    lengths = prepared.lengths
    for row, user_row in enumerate(users):
        count = min(steps, max(int(process_counts[row]) - start, 0))
        if not count:
            continue
        offset = int(prepared.offsets[user_row])
        window_start = int(window_starts[row])
        absolute_start = window_start + start
        positions = slice(
            offset + absolute_start,
            offset + absolute_start + count,
        )
        target_positions = slice(
            offset + absolute_start + 1,
            offset + absolute_start + count + 1,
        )
        input_items[row, :count] = prepared.sequence_items[positions]
        event_features[row, :count] = prepared.event_features[positions]
        activity_features[row, :count] = prepared.activity_features[positions]
        state_ids[row, :count] = prepared.state_ids[positions]
        targets[row, :count] = prepared.sequence_items[target_positions]
        weights[row, :count] = target_weights[target_positions]
        score_from = min(count, max(int(score_starts[row]) - start, 0))
        scored[row, score_from:count] = True
        processed[row] = count
        user_sequence = prepared.sequence_items[
            offset : offset + int(lengths[user_row])
        ]
        histories[row, :count] = history_windows(
            user_sequence,
            absolute_start,
            count,
            config.bptt_steps,
            padding_item,
        )
    return (
        input_items,
        event_features,
        activity_features,
        state_ids,
        targets,
        scored,
        histories,
        processed,
        weights,
    )


def score_target_microbatches(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    sequence_vectors: torch.Tensor,
    flat_states: np.ndarray,
    flat_activity: np.ndarray,
    positive_items: torch.Tensor,
    negatives: torch.Tensor,
    negative_weights: torch.Tensor,
    sample_weights: np.ndarray,
    device: torch.device,
    backward: bool,
) -> tuple[dict[str, float], torch.Tensor | None]:
    """Compute one logical block's exact BCE in bounded-memory slices."""
    target_count = len(positive_items)
    total_weight = float(sample_weights.sum())
    if total_weight <= 0:
        raise RuntimeError("target block has no positive sample weight")
    sequence_gradient = torch.zeros_like(sequence_vectors) if backward else None
    statistics = {
        "loss_sum": 0.0,
        "positive_sum": 0.0,
        "negative_sum": 0.0,
        "pair_correct": 0.0,
        "weight_sum": 0.0,
    }
    for begin in range(0, target_count, config.loss_microbatch_size):
        end = min(begin + config.loss_microbatch_size, target_count)
        selected_states = flat_states[begin:end]
        if backward:
            sequence_input = (
                sequence_vectors[begin:end].detach().requires_grad_(True)
            )
        else:
            sequence_input = sequence_vectors[begin:end]
        liked_vectors, disliked_vectors, _ = pool_explicit_states(
            model, prepared, selected_states, device
        )
        counts = prepared.state_counts[selected_states]
        numeric = np.zeros((end - begin, 6), dtype=np.float32)
        numeric[:, :4] = flat_activity[begin:end]
        numeric[:, 4] = np.log1p(counts[:, 0]) / 6.0
        numeric[:, 5] = np.log1p(counts[:, 1]) / 4.0
        query_vectors = user_queries(
            model,
            sequence_input,
            liked_vectors,
            disliked_vectors,
            torch.from_numpy(numeric).to(device),
        )
        positive_vectors, negative_vectors = candidate_vectors(
            model,
            positive_items[begin:end],
            negatives[begin:end],
        )
        positive_logits = (query_vectors * positive_vectors).sum(dim=1)
        negative_logits = torch.einsum(
            "bd,bkd->bk", query_vectors, negative_vectors
        )
        positive_loss = F.softplus(-positive_logits)
        negative_loss = corrected_negative_loss(
            negative_logits, negative_weights[begin:end], config
        )
        selected_weights = torch.from_numpy(
            sample_weights[begin:end].astype(np.float32, copy=False)
        ).to(device)
        loss_sum = (
            selected_weights * (positive_loss + negative_loss) / 2.0
        ).sum()
        if not bool(torch.isfinite(loss_sum)):
            raise RuntimeError("dense next-item training produced non-finite loss")
        if backward:
            (loss_sum / total_weight).backward()
            if sequence_input.grad is None:
                raise RuntimeError("sequence microbatch did not produce a gradient")
            sequence_gradient[begin:end] = sequence_input.grad
        statistics["loss_sum"] += float(loss_sum.detach().cpu())
        statistics["positive_sum"] += float(positive_logits.detach().sum().cpu())
        statistics["negative_sum"] += float(negative_logits.detach().sum().cpu())
        statistics["pair_correct"] += float(
            (positive_logits.detach()[:, None] > negative_logits.detach()).sum().cpu()
        )
        statistics["weight_sum"] += float(selected_weights.sum().detach().cpu())
    return statistics, sequence_gradient


def release_accelerator_cache(device: torch.device) -> None:
    if device.type == "mps":
        torch.mps.empty_cache()
Tool callBashCheck baseline log Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -5 /app/solution/baseline.log

Tool response

loaded explicit events: rows=720,270 users=8,220
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14962018 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
09

Read training epoch

+00:31
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashRead training epoch Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1203,1370p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def run_training_epoch(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    optimizer: torch.optim.Optimizer,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    target_weights: np.ndarray,
    window_starts: np.ndarray,
    target_counts: np.ndarray,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
    epoch: int,
) -> dict[str, float]:
    model.train()
    train_users = np.flatnonzero(target_counts > 0)
    sorted_users = train_users[
        np.argsort(target_counts[train_users], kind="stable")
    ]
    groups = [
        sorted_users[start : start + config.user_batch_size]
        for start in range(0, len(sorted_users), config.user_batch_size)
    ]
    group_order = torch.randperm(len(groups), generator=generator).numpy()
    negative_count = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives
    total_loss = 0.0
    total_targets = 0
    total_weight = 0.0
    total_positive = 0.0
    total_negative = 0.0
    total_pair_correct = 0.0
    batches = 0
    started = time.monotonic()

    for group_number in group_order:
        users = groups[int(group_number)]
        group_counts = target_counts[users]
        hidden = torch.zeros(
            1, len(users), config.embedding_dim, device=device
        )
        max_targets = int(group_counts.max())
        for start in range(0, max_targets, config.bptt_steps):
            steps = min(config.bptt_steps, max_targets - start)
            block = build_dense_block(
                prepared,
                target_weights,
                users,
                window_starts[users],
                group_counts,
                np.zeros(len(users), dtype=np.int64),
                start,
                steps,
                config,
            )
            sequence_outputs, _ = event_sequence(
                model,
                torch.from_numpy(block[0].astype(np.int64)).to(device),
                torch.from_numpy(block[1].astype(np.float32)).to(device),
                hidden,
            )
            hidden = torch.stack(
                [
                    sequence_outputs[row, count - 1]
                    if count
                    else hidden[0, row]
                    for row, count in enumerate(block[7])
                ]
            ).unsqueeze(0).detach()
            flat_scored = block[5].reshape(-1)
            if not np.any(flat_scored):
                continue
            mask = torch.from_numpy(flat_scored).to(device)
            sequence_vectors = sequence_outputs.reshape(
                -1, config.embedding_dim
            )[mask]
            flat_states = block[3].reshape(-1)[flat_scored]
            positive_items = torch.from_numpy(
                block[4].reshape(-1)[flat_scored].astype(np.int64)
            ).to(device)
            known_history = torch.from_numpy(
                block[6].reshape(-1, config.bptt_steps)[flat_scored].astype(
                    np.int64
                )
            ).to(device)
            liked_items = torch.from_numpy(
                prepared.liked_states[flat_states].astype(np.int64)
            ).to(device)
            flat_user_rows = np.broadcast_to(
                users[:, None], block[5].shape
            ).reshape(-1)[flat_scored]
            negatives, negative_weights = draw_training_negatives(
                positive_items,
                known_history,
                liked_items,
                flat_user_rows,
                known_positive_packed,
                prepared,
                config,
                item_correction,
                generator,
                device,
            )
            optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True)
            statistics, sequence_gradient = score_target_microbatches(
                model,
                prepared,
                config,
                sequence_vectors,
                flat_states,
                block[2].reshape(-1, 4)[flat_scored].astype(np.float32),
                positive_items,
                negatives,
                negative_weights,
                block[8].reshape(-1)[flat_scored],
                device,
                backward=True,
            )
            if sequence_gradient is None:
                raise RuntimeError("training block omitted its sequence gradient")
            sequence_vectors.backward(sequence_gradient)
            nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), config.gradient_clip)
            optimizer.step()

            count = len(positive_items)
            total_loss += statistics["loss_sum"]
            total_targets += count
            total_weight += statistics["weight_sum"]
            total_positive += statistics["positive_sum"]
            total_negative += statistics["negative_sum"]
            total_pair_correct += statistics["pair_correct"]
            batches += 1
            if batches % 25 == 0:
                release_accelerator_cache(device)
            if batches % 250 == 0:
                batch_bce = statistics["loss_sum"] / max(
                    statistics["weight_sum"], 1.0e-12
                )
                running_bce = total_loss / max(total_weight, 1.0e-12)
                log(
                    f"epoch={epoch}/{config.epochs} batches={batches:,} "
                    f"targets={total_targets:,} "
                    f"batch_bce={batch_bce:.6f} "
                    f"running_bce={running_bce:.6f} "
                    f"elapsed={time.monotonic() - started:.1f}s"
                )

    return {
        "epoch": float(epoch),
        "loss": total_loss / max(total_weight, 1.0e-12),
        "positive_logit": total_positive / max(total_targets, 1),
        "negative_logit": total_negative / max(total_targets * negative_count, 1),
        "pair_accuracy": total_pair_correct
        / max(total_targets * negative_count, 1),
        "targets": float(total_targets),
        "target_weight_sum": total_weight,
        "batches": float(batches),
        "seconds": time.monotonic() - started,
    }


@torch.no_grad()
def evaluate_validation_bce(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    target_weights: np.ndarray,
    window_starts: np.ndarray,
    training_counts: np.ndarray,
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14959332 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
10

Read train_model

+00:33
Tool callBashRead train_model Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1521,1790p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def train_model(
    public: Path,
    stage: str,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    device: torch.device,
    checkpoint_dir: Path | None,
    resume_checkpoint: Path | None,
) -> tuple[base.SequentialTwoTower, list[dict[str, float]]]:
    partition = chronological_target_partition(
        prepared,
        config.validation_fraction,
        config.max_train_targets_per_user,
        config.max_validation_targets_per_user,
    )
    training_counts = partition.training_counts
    validation_counts = partition.validation_counts
    log(
        f"chronological BCE window: train={int(training_counts.sum()):,} "
        f"validation={int(validation_counts.sum()):,} "
        f"selected={partition.selected_count:,} "
        f"discarded_old_targets={int(partition.window_starts.sum()):,} "
        f"all={prepared.target_count:,}"
    )
    model = base.SequentialTwoTower(prepared.item_features, model_config(config)).to(
        device
    )
    optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(
        model.parameters(), lr=config.learning_rate, weight_decay=config.weight_decay
    )
    generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(config.seed + 10_000)
    item_correction = build_item_correction(
        prepared,
        config,
        partition.window_starts,
        training_counts,
    )
    target_weights = build_target_weights(
        public,
        stage,
        prepared,
        partition.history_training_counts,
        config,
    )
    known_positive_packed = (
        build_known_positive_filter(prepared, partition.history_training_counts)
        if config.negative_filter_scope == "full-training-history"
        else None
    )
    history: list[dict[str, float]] = []
    best_loss = float("inf")
    best_epoch = 0
    best_state: dict[str, torch.Tensor] | None = None
    epochs_without_improvement = 0
    start_epoch = 0

    if resume_checkpoint is not None:
        payload = torch.load(
            resume_checkpoint, map_location=device, weights_only=False
        )
        stored_config = payload.get("config", {})
        architecture_fields = (
            "bptt_steps",
            "embedding_dim",
            "hidden_dim",
            "user_hidden_1",
            "user_hidden_2",
            "item_hidden_1",
            "item_hidden_2",
        )
        mismatches = {
            name: (stored_config.get(name), getattr(config, name))
            for name in architecture_fields
            if stored_config.get(name) != getattr(config, name)
        }
        if mismatches:
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"resume checkpoint architecture differs: {mismatches}"
            )
        stored_filter_scope = stored_config.get(
            "negative_filter_scope", "last-100"
        )
        stored_target_weighting = stored_config.get(
            "target_weighting", "uniform"
        )
        stored_weight_values = (
            stored_config.get("ordinary_target_weight", 1.0),
            stored_config.get("organic_strong_target_weight", 1.0),
            stored_config.get("organic_like_target_weight", 3.0),
            stored_config.get("discovery_horizon_days", 7),
        )
        current_weight_values = (
            config.ordinary_target_weight,
            config.organic_strong_target_weight,
            config.organic_like_target_weight,
            config.discovery_horizon_days,
        )
        stored_window_values = (
            stored_config.get("validation_fraction", 0.10),
            stored_config.get("max_train_targets_per_user", 0),
            stored_config.get("max_validation_targets_per_user", 0),
        )
        current_window_values = (
            config.validation_fraction,
            config.max_train_targets_per_user,
            config.max_validation_targets_per_user,
        )
        objective_changed = (
            stored_filter_scope != config.negative_filter_scope
            or stored_target_weighting != config.target_weighting
            or stored_weight_values != current_weight_values
            or stored_window_values != current_window_values
        )
        model.load_state_dict(payload["model_state"])
        if "optimizer_state" in payload and not objective_changed:
            optimizer.load_state_dict(payload["optimizer_state"])
            for group in optimizer.param_groups:
                group["lr"] = config.learning_rate
                group["weight_decay"] = config.weight_decay
            log(f"restored optimizer state from {resume_checkpoint}")
        else:
            log(
                f"using a fresh AdamW optimizer after loading {resume_checkpoint}"
            )
        if "generator_state" in payload and not objective_changed:
            generator.set_state(payload["generator_state"])
        start_epoch = int(payload["epoch"])
        if start_epoch >= config.epochs:
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"resume epoch {start_epoch} must be below --epochs {config.epochs}"
            )
        prior = {
            str(name): float(value)
            for name, value in payload.get("diagnostics", {}).items()
        }
        if objective_changed:
            prior.pop("validation_loss", None)
            log(
                "BCE objective changed: filter "
                f"{stored_filter_scope}->{config.negative_filter_scope}, "
                "target weighting "
                f"{stored_target_weighting}->{config.target_weighting}, "
                f"target window {stored_window_values}->{current_window_values}; "
                "recomputing the resume checkpoint's validation BCE"
            )
        if "validation_loss" not in prior:
            prior.update(
                evaluate_validation_bce(
                    model,
                    prepared,
                    config,
                    target_weights,
                    partition.window_starts,
                    training_counts,
                    validation_counts,
                    item_correction,
                    known_positive_packed,
                    device,
                )
            )
        history.append(prior)
        best_loss = float(prior["validation_loss"])
        best_epoch = start_epoch
        best_state = snapshot_model(model)
        log(
            f"resumed validation-BCE training: epoch={start_epoch} "
            f"loss={best_loss:.6f}"
        )

    for epoch in range(start_epoch + 1, config.epochs + 1):
        diagnostics = run_training_epoch(
            model,
            optimizer,
            prepared,
            config,
            target_weights,
            partition.window_starts,
            training_counts,
            item_correction,
            known_positive_packed,
            generator,
            device,
            epoch,
        )
        validation = evaluate_validation_bce(
            model,
            prepared,
            config,
            target_weights,
            partition.window_starts,
            training_counts,
            validation_counts,
            item_correction,
            known_positive_packed,
            device,
        )
        diagnostics.update(validation)
        history.append(diagnostics)
        current_state = snapshot_model(model)
        if checkpoint_dir is not None:
            save_epoch_checkpoint(
                checkpoint_dir,
                epoch,
                current_state,
                config,
                diagnostics,
                optimizer,
                generator,
            )
        improved = (
            diagnostics["validation_loss"]
            < best_loss - config.early_stopping_min_delta
        )
        if improved:
            best_loss = diagnostics["validation_loss"]
            best_epoch = epoch
            best_state = current_state
            epochs_without_improvement = 0
            if checkpoint_dir is not None:
                torch.save(
                    {
                        "epoch": epoch,
                        "config": asdict(config),
                        "diagnostics": diagnostics,
                        "model_state": current_state,
                        "optimizer_state": optimizer.state_dict(),
                        "generator_state": generator.get_state(),
                    },
                    checkpoint_dir / "best.pt",
                )
        else:
            epochs_without_improvement += 1
        log(
            f"epoch={epoch}/{config.epochs} train_loss={diagnostics['loss']:.5f} "
            f"validation_loss={diagnostics['validation_loss']:.5f} "
            f"pair_accuracy={diagnostics['pair_accuracy']:.3f} "
            f"train_targets={int(diagnostics['targets']):,} "
            f"validation_targets={int(diagnostics['validation_targets']):,} "
            f"train_seconds={diagnostics['seconds']:.1f} "
            f"validation_seconds={diagnostics['validation_seconds']:.1f}"
        )
        release_accelerator_cache(device)
        if epochs_without_improvement >= config.early_stopping_patience:
            log(
                f"early stopping after epoch={epoch}; "
                f"best_epoch={best_epoch} best_validation_loss={best_loss:.6f}"
            )
            break

    if best_state is None:
        raise RuntimeError("training did not produce a valid checkpoint")
    model.load_state_dict(best_state)
    model.to(device).eval()
    log(
        f"restored best validation-BCE checkpoint: epoch={best_epoch} "
        f"loss={best_loss:.6f}"
    )
    return model, history


@torch.inference_mode()
def inference_queries(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    device: torch.device,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    sequence_rows = prepared.inference_user_rows
    lengths = np.where(
        sequence_rows >= 0, prepared.lengths[np.maximum(sequence_rows, 0)], 0
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14957028 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
11

Check progress

+00:43
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashCheck progress Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 60; tail -3 /app/solution/baseline.log; ls -la /app/solution/

Tool response

inbatch correction: min=0.250 mean_on_targets=1.001 max=4.000
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
total 112
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent  4096 Sep 24 17:37 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent  4096 Sep 24 17:32 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent  1159 Sep 24 17:37 baseline.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 80058 Sep 24 17:36 train_current_model.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 15985 Sep 24 17:36 two_tower_model.py
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14952947 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
12

Read cache and ranking

+01:46
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

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Tool callBashRead cache and ranking Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 471,534p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py; echo ---; sed -n 1861,1922p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def cache_metadata(stage: str, config: Config) -> dict[str, object]:
    return {
        "cache_version": CACHE_VERSION,
        "stage": stage,
        "positive_listen_threshold": base.LISTEN_POSITIVE_THRESHOLD,
        "profile_lookback_days": base.PROFILE_LOOKBACK_DAYS,
        "event_time_feature": "exp-negative-gap-over-60-days",
    }


def save_cache(
    path: Path, prepared: SequenceData, stage: str, config: Config
) -> None:
    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    np.savez(
        path,
        metadata=np.asarray(json.dumps(cache_metadata(stage, config), sort_keys=True)),
        **prepared.__dict__,
    )
    log(f"saved public-derived full-sequence cache: {path}")


def load_cache(path: Path, stage: str, config: Config) -> SequenceData:
    with np.load(path, allow_pickle=False) as artifact:
        actual = json.loads(str(artifact["metadata"].item()))
        expected = cache_metadata(stage, config)
        if actual != expected:
            raise RuntimeError(f"sequence cache differs: {actual} != {expected}")
        values = {
            field: artifact[field].copy()
            for field in SequenceData.__dataclass_fields__
        }
    prepared = SequenceData(**values)
    log(
        f"loaded full-sequence cache: tokens={len(prepared.sequence_items):,} "
        f"targets={prepared.target_count:,}"
    )
    return prepared


def load_or_prepare(
    public: Path,
    stage: str,
    config: Config,
    cache: Path | None,
) -> tuple[SequenceData, CandidateSet]:
    candidate_name = (
        "validation_eligible_candidates.npz"
        if stage == "validation"
        else "test_eligible_candidates.npz"
    )
    eligibility = CandidateSet.read(public / "data" / candidate_name)
    if cache is not None and cache.is_file():
        prepared = load_cache(cache, stage, config)
        if not np.array_equal(prepared.item_ids, eligibility.item_ids):
            raise RuntimeError("cached catalog differs from candidate artifact")
        return prepared, eligibility
    prepared, built_eligibility = prepare_data(public, stage, config)
    if cache is not None:
        save_cache(cache, prepared, stage, config)
    return prepared, built_eligibility


def build_item_correction(
---
def rank_candidates(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    eligibility: CandidateSet,
    config: Config,
    device: torch.device,
    ranking_batch_size: int,
) -> tuple[pd.DataFrame, dict[str, float]]:
    model.eval()
    queries = inference_queries(model, prepared, config, device)
    item_parts: list[torch.Tensor] = []
    for start in range(0, len(prepared.item_ids), 2_048):
        rows = torch.arange(
            start,
            min(start + 2_048, len(prepared.item_ids)),
            dtype=torch.long,
            device=device,
        )
        item_parts.append(model.encode_items(rows).cpu())
    items = torch.cat(item_parts)
    rows: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
    for start in range(0, len(eligibility.uids), ranking_batch_size):
        end = min(start + ranking_batch_size, len(eligibility.uids))
        scores = queries[start:end] @ items.T
        eligible = np.unpackbits(
            eligibility.packed[start:end],
            axis=1,
            count=len(prepared.item_ids),
            bitorder="little",
        ).astype(bool, copy=False)
        scores.masked_fill_(~torch.from_numpy(eligible), -torch.inf)
        selected = torch.topk(scores, k=base.TOP_N, dim=1).indices.numpy()
        for local_row, columns in enumerate(selected):
            uid = int(eligibility.uids[start + local_row])
            rows.extend(
                (uid, int(prepared.item_ids[column]), rank)
                for rank, column in enumerate(columns, start=1)
            )
        if end == len(eligibility.uids) or end % 1_024 == 0:
            log(f"ranked users={end:,}/{len(eligibility.uids):,}")
    query_norm = torch.linalg.vector_norm(queries, dim=1).numpy()
    item_norm = torch.linalg.vector_norm(items, dim=1).numpy()
    diagnostics = {
        "query_norm_mean": float(query_norm.mean()),
        "query_norm_std": float(query_norm.std()),
        "item_norm_mean": float(item_norm.mean()),
        "item_norm_std": float(item_norm.std()),
    }
    return pd.DataFrame(rows, columns=["uid", "item_id", "rank"]), diagnostics


def write_ranking(frame: pd.DataFrame, output: Path) -> None:
    output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    if output.suffix == ".parquet":
        frame.to_parquet(output, index=False, compression="zstd")
    elif output.suffix == ".csv":
        frame.to_csv(output, index=False)
    else:
        raise ValueError("--output must end in .parquet or .csv")


def main() -> int:
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14952379 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
13

Check progress

+01:49
Tool callBashCheck progress Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -4 /app/solution/baseline.log

Tool response

chronological BCE window: train=1,052,953 validation=130,103 selected=1,183,056 discarded_old_targets=18,864,138 all=20,047,194
inbatch correction: min=0.250 mean_on_targets=1.001 max=4.000
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14950357 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
14

Check progress

+02:41
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashCheck progress Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -3 /app/solution/baseline.log; date

Tool response

inbatch correction: min=0.250 mean_on_targets=1.001 max=4.000
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Thu Sep 24 17:39:23 UTC 2026
Tool callBashRead validation bce Returned

Tool call · Input

sed -n 1364,1490p /task/current_model/train_current_model.py

Tool response

def evaluate_validation_bce(
    model: base.SequentialTwoTower,
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    target_weights: np.ndarray,
    window_starts: np.ndarray,
    training_counts: np.ndarray,
    validation_counts: np.ndarray,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    device: torch.device,
) -> dict[str, float]:
    """Measure deterministic BCE on each user's chronological target suffix."""
    model.eval()
    totals = training_counts + validation_counts
    users_with_validation = np.flatnonzero(validation_counts > 0)
    ordered = users_with_validation[
        np.argsort(totals[users_with_validation], kind="stable")
    ]
    groups = [
        ordered[start : start + config.user_batch_size]
        for start in range(0, len(ordered), config.user_batch_size)
    ]
    generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(config.seed + 20_000)
    total_loss = 0.0
    total_targets = 0
    total_weight = 0.0
    started = time.monotonic()

    for group_number, users in enumerate(groups, start=1):
        group_totals = totals[users]
        group_starts = training_counts[users]
        hidden = torch.zeros(
            1, len(users), config.embedding_dim, device=device
        )
        max_targets = int(group_totals.max())
        for start in range(0, max_targets, config.bptt_steps):
            steps = min(config.bptt_steps, max_targets - start)
            block = build_dense_block(
                prepared,
                target_weights,
                users,
                window_starts[users],
                group_totals,
                group_starts,
                start,
                steps,
                config,
            )
            sequence_outputs, _ = event_sequence(
                model,
                torch.from_numpy(block[0].astype(np.int64)).to(device),
                torch.from_numpy(block[1].astype(np.float32)).to(device),
                hidden,
            )
            hidden = torch.stack(
                [
                    sequence_outputs[row, count - 1]
                    if count
                    else hidden[0, row]
                    for row, count in enumerate(block[7])
                ]
            ).unsqueeze(0)
            flat_scored = block[5].reshape(-1)
            if not np.any(flat_scored):
                continue
            mask = torch.from_numpy(flat_scored).to(device)
            sequence_vectors = sequence_outputs.reshape(
                -1, config.embedding_dim
            )[mask]
            flat_states = block[3].reshape(-1)[flat_scored]
            positive_items = torch.from_numpy(
                block[4].reshape(-1)[flat_scored].astype(np.int64)
            ).to(device)
            known_history = torch.from_numpy(
                block[6].reshape(-1, config.bptt_steps)[flat_scored].astype(
                    np.int64
                )
            ).to(device)
            liked_items = torch.from_numpy(
                prepared.liked_states[flat_states].astype(np.int64)
            ).to(device)
            flat_user_rows = np.broadcast_to(
                users[:, None], block[5].shape
            ).reshape(-1)[flat_scored]
            negatives, negative_weights = draw_training_negatives(
                positive_items,
                known_history,
                liked_items,
                flat_user_rows,
                known_positive_packed,
                prepared,
                config,
                item_correction,
                generator,
                device,
            )
            statistics, _ = score_target_microbatches(
                model,
                prepared,
                config,
                sequence_vectors,
                flat_states,
                block[2].reshape(-1, 4)[flat_scored].astype(np.float32),
                positive_items,
                negatives,
                negative_weights,
                block[8].reshape(-1)[flat_scored],
                device,
                backward=False,
            )
            total_loss += statistics["loss_sum"]
            total_targets += len(positive_items)
            total_weight += statistics["weight_sum"]
        if group_number % 25 == 0:
            release_accelerator_cache(device)
    return {
        "validation_loss": total_loss / max(total_weight, 1.0e-12),
        "validation_targets": float(total_targets),
        "validation_target_weight_sum": total_weight,
        "validation_seconds": time.monotonic() - started,
    }


def snapshot_model(model: nn.Module) -> dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
    return {
        name: value.detach().cpu().clone()
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14946275 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
15

Check progress

+03:37
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Model text

Baseline is training. Let me now write the improved version while it runs.

Tool callBashCheck progress Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -2 /app/solution/baseline.log

Tool response

target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14940594 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
16

Edit train_current_model.py

+03:40
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

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Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    uniform_negatives: int = 24
    inbatch_negatives: int = 8
    inbatch_correction_power: float = 0.5

After

    uniform_negatives: int = 8
    popularity_negatives: int = 16
    popularity_sampling_power: float = 0.75
    logq_correction: float = 1.0
    loss_objective: str = "sampled-softmax"
    inbatch_negatives: int = 8
    inbatch_correction_power: float = 0.5

Tool response

The file /app/solution/train_current_model.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context — no need to Read it back)
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14940150 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
17

Edit train_current_model.py

+03:44
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

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Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

def build_item_correction(
    prepared: SequenceData,
    config: Config,
    target_starts: np.ndarray,
    target_counts: np.ndarray,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Estimate in-batch propensities from the selected training targets."""
    counts = np.zeros(len(prepared.item_ids), dtype=np.float64)

After

def selected_target_item_counts(
    prepared: SequenceData,
    target_starts: np.ndarray,
    target_counts: np.ndarray,
) -> np.ndarray:
    """Count how often each catalog item appears as a selected training target."""
    counts = np.zeros(len(prepared.item_ids), dtype=np.float64)

Tool response

The file /app/solution/train_current_model.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context — no need to Read it back)
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14939632 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
18

Edit train_current_model.py

+03:50
Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

                + 1
            ].astype(np.int64),
            minlength=len(prepared.item_ids),
        )
    total = float(counts.sum())

After

                + 1
            ].astype(np.int64),
            minlength=len(prepared.item_ids),
        )
    return counts


def build_item_correction(
    counts: np.ndarray,
    config: Config,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Estimate in-batch propensities from the selected training targets."""
    total = float(counts.sum())

Tool response

The file /app/solution/train_current_model.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context — no need to Read it back)
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14939246 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
19

Edit train_current_model.py

+03:52
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Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    return torch.from_numpy(correction)


def build_known_positive_filter(

After

    return torch.from_numpy(correction)


def build_negative_sampler(
    counts: np.ndarray,
    config: Config,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Build the popularity proposal and the mixture log-propensity table.

    The production sampler drew every non-in-batch negative uniformly from the
    30,000-track catalog. Listening is heavily head-skewed, so a uniform draw
    almost never lands on a track that actually competes for a top-10 slot: the
    softmax partition function is dominated by head items the sampler rarely
    sees. This builds a word2vec-style ``count ** power`` proposal so that the
    dominant terms are sampled often, together with the exact mixture
    propensity ``q`` of the combined uniform + popularity + in-batch draw so the
    sampled-softmax estimator stays unbiased for the full-catalog softmax.

    Args:
        counts: Selected-target occurrence count per catalog item.
        config: Trainer configuration supplying the sampler mixture.

    Returns:
        ``(popularity_probs, log_q)``: the proposal used for popularity draws
        and ``log q(i)`` for the full mixture, both over the catalog.
    """
    n_items = len(counts)
    total = float(counts.sum())
    empirical = (counts + 1.0) / (total + n_items)
    weights = np.power(counts + 1.0, config.popularity_sampling_power)
    popularity = weights / weights.sum()
    draws = (
        config.uniform_negatives
        + config.popularity_negatives
        + config.inbatch_negatives
    )
    mixture = (
        config.uniform_negatives * (1.0 / n_items)
        + config.popularity_negatives * popularity
        + config.inbatch_negatives * empirical
    ) / max(draws, 1)
    log_q = np.log(np.maximum(mixture, 1.0e-12)).astype(np.float32)
    head = int(np.argmax(counts))
    log(
        f"negative sampler: uniform={config.uniform_negatives} "
        f"popularity={config.popularity_negatives} "
        f"inbatch={config.inbatch_negatives} "
        f"power={config.popularity_sampling_power} "
        f"q_head={mixture[head]:.3e} q_min={mixture.min():.3e} "
        f"logq_beta={config.logq_correction}"
    )
    return (
        torch.from_numpy(popularity.astype(np.float64)),
        torch.from_numpy(log_q),
    )


def build_known_positive_filter(

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20

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:04

Model text

Now the negative draw function:

Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray,
    n_items: int,
    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Draw mixed negatives and reject all known public-training positives."""
    targets_cpu = targets.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    liked_cpu = liked_items.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    batch_size = len(targets_cpu)
    uniform = torch.randint(
        n_items,
        (batch_size, config.uniform_negatives),
        generator=generator,
        device="cpu",
    )
    inbatch = torch.empty((batch_size, 0), dtype=torch.long)

After

    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray,
    n_items: int,
    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    popularity_probs: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """Draw mixed negatives and reject all known public-training positives."""
    targets_cpu = targets.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    liked_cpu = liked_items.detach().cpu().numpy().astype(np.int64, copy=False)
    batch_size = len(targets_cpu)
    uniform = torch.randint(
        n_items,
        (batch_size, config.uniform_negatives),
        generator=generator,
        device="cpu",
    )
    if config.popularity_negatives:
        popular = torch.multinomial(
            popularity_probs,
            batch_size * config.popularity_negatives,
            replacement=True,
            generator=generator,
        ).reshape(batch_size, config.popularity_negatives)
        uniform = torch.cat([uniform, popular], dim=1)
    inbatch = torch.empty((batch_size, 0), dtype=torch.long)

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21

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:13
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Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    negatives = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1).numpy()
    correction = np.ones_like(negatives, dtype=np.float32)
    if corrected_count:
        correction[
            :, config.uniform_negatives : config.uniform_negatives + corrected_count
        ] = item_correction[inbatch[:, :corrected_count]].numpy()

After

    sampled_columns = uniform.shape[1]
    negatives = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1).numpy()
    correction = np.ones_like(negatives, dtype=np.float32)
    if corrected_count:
        correction[
            :, sampled_columns : sampled_columns + corrected_count
        ] = item_correction[inbatch[:, :corrected_count]].numpy()

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22

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:17

Model text

Now update draw_training_negatives and the BCE fallback guard:

Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    if config.negative_filter_scope == "full-training-history":
        if known_positive_packed is None:
            raise RuntimeError("full-history negative filter was not built")
        return draw_full_history_filtered_negatives(
            positive_items,
            user_rows,
            liked_items,
            known_positive_packed,
            len(prepared.item_ids),
            config,
            item_correction,
            generator,
            device,
        )
    return base.draw_filtered_mixed_negatives(

After

    config: Config,
    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    popularity_probs: torch.Tensor,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    if config.negative_filter_scope == "full-training-history":
        if known_positive_packed is None:
            raise RuntimeError("full-history negative filter was not built")
        return draw_full_history_filtered_negatives(
            positive_items,
            user_rows,
            liked_items,
            known_positive_packed,
            len(prepared.item_ids),
            config,
            item_correction,
            popularity_probs,
            generator,
            device,
        )
    if config.popularity_negatives:
        raise RuntimeError(
            "popularity negatives require the full-training-history filter"
        )
    return base.draw_filtered_mixed_negatives(

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23

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:24

Model text

Now the loss itself:

Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

def corrected_negative_loss(
    logits: torch.Tensor,
    correction: torch.Tensor,
    config: Config,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    raw = F.softplus(logits)
    total = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives

After

def sampled_softmax_loss(
    positive_logits: torch.Tensor,
    negative_logits: torch.Tensor,
    positive_items: torch.Tensor,
    negatives: torch.Tensor,
    log_q: torch.Tensor,
    config: Config,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Per-target sampled-softmax cross entropy against the full catalog.

    The importance-sampled partition function is
    ``exp(s_pos) + sum_k exp(s_k) / (M q_k)``, so each negative logit is shifted
    by ``-(log M + beta * log q_k)``. With ``beta = 1`` the estimator is
    unbiased for the full-catalog softmax while the popularity proposal
    concentrates draws on the terms that dominate that sum.

    Args:
        positive_logits: Dot-product score of each target's true item.
        negative_logits: Dot-product scores of the drawn negatives.
        positive_items: Catalog row of each target's true item.
        negatives: Catalog rows of the drawn negatives.
        log_q: Mixture log-propensity per catalog item.
        config: Trainer configuration supplying the correction strength.

    Returns:
        A per-target cross-entropy vector.
    """
    count = negatives.shape[1]
    shifted = negative_logits - (
        config.logq_correction * log_q[negatives] + float(np.log(max(count, 1)))
    )
    logits = torch.cat([positive_logits[:, None], shifted], dim=1)
    return F.cross_entropy(
        logits,
        torch.zeros(len(logits), dtype=torch.long, device=logits.device),
        reduction="none",
    )


def corrected_negative_loss(
    logits: torch.Tensor,
    correction: torch.Tensor,
    config: Config,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    raw = F.softplus(logits)
    total = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives

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24

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:37
Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

        positive_loss = F.softplus(-positive_logits)
        negative_loss = corrected_negative_loss(
            negative_logits, negative_weights[begin:end], config
        )
        selected_weights = torch.from_numpy(
            sample_weights[begin:end].astype(np.float32, copy=False)
        ).to(device)
        loss_sum = (
            selected_weights * (positive_loss + negative_loss) / 2.0
        ).sum()

After

        selected_weights = torch.from_numpy(
            sample_weights[begin:end].astype(np.float32, copy=False)
        ).to(device)
        if config.loss_objective == "sampled-softmax":
            per_target = sampled_softmax_loss(
                positive_logits,
                negative_logits,
                positive_items[begin:end],
                negatives[begin:end],
                log_q,
                config,
            )
        else:
            per_target = (
                F.softplus(-positive_logits)
                + corrected_negative_loss(
                    negative_logits, negative_weights[begin:end], config
                )
            ) / 2.0
        loss_sum = (selected_weights * per_target).sum()

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25

Edit train_current_model.py

+04:41
Tool callEdit/app/solution/train_current_model.py Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/train_current_model.py · Replace one occurrence

Before

    negatives: torch.Tensor,
    negative_weights: torch.Tensor,
    sample_weights: np.ndarray,
    device: torch.device,
    backward: bool,
) -> tuple[dict[str, float], torch.Tensor | None]:

After

    negatives: torch.Tensor,
    negative_weights: torch.Tensor,
    sample_weights: np.ndarray,
    log_q: torch.Tensor,
    device: torch.device,
    backward: bool,
) -> tuple[dict[str, float], torch.Tensor | None]:

Tool response

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26

Wire up new sampler plumbing

+04:43
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Tool callBashWire up new sampler plumbing Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && python - <<'EOF'
import re
p='train_current_model.py'
s=open(p).read()

# call sites: draw_training_negatives
old_draw = """                known_positive_packed,
                prepared,
                config,
                item_correction,
                generator,
                device,
            )"""
new_draw = """                known_positive_packed,
                prepared,
                config,
                item_correction,
                popularity_probs,
                generator,
                device,
            )"""
assert s.count(old_draw)==2, s.count(old_draw)
s=s.replace(old_draw,new_draw)

old_score = """                negatives,
                negative_weights,
                block[8].reshape(-1)[flat_scored],
                device,
                backward="""
new_score = """                negatives,
                negative_weights,
                block[8].reshape(-1)[flat_scored],
                log_q,
                device,
                backward="""
assert s.count(old_score)==2
s=s.replace(old_score,new_score)

# signatures: run_training_epoch and evaluate_validation_bce
old_sig = """    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
    epoch: int,"""
new_sig = """    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    popularity_probs: torch.Tensor,
    log_q: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    generator: torch.Generator,
    device: torch.device,
    epoch: int,"""
assert s.count(old_sig)==1
s=s.replace(old_sig,new_sig)

old_sig2 = """    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    device: torch.device,
) -> dict[str, float]:"""
new_sig2 = """    item_correction: torch.Tensor,
    popularity_probs: torch.Tensor,
    log_q: torch.Tensor,
    known_positive_packed: np.ndarray | None,
    device: torch.device,
) -> dict[str, float]:"""
assert s.count(old_sig2)==1
s=s.replace(old_sig2,new_sig2)

# train_model call sites
old_c1 = """            target_weights,
            partition.window_starts,
            training_counts,
            item_correction,
            known_positive_packed,
            generator,
            device,
            epoch,
        )"""
new_c1 = """            target_weights,
            partition.window_starts,
            training_counts,
            item_correction,
            popularity_probs,
            log_q,
            known_positive_packed,
            generator,
            device,
            epoch,
        )"""
assert s.count(old_c1)==1
s=s.replace(old_c1,new_c1)

old_c2 = """                    training_counts,
                    validation_counts,
                    item_correction,
                    known_positive_packed,
                    device,
                )"""
new_c2 = """                    training_counts,
                    validation_counts,
                    item_correction,
                    popularity_probs,
                    log_q,
                    known_positive_packed,
                    device,
                )"""
assert s.count(old_c2)==1
s=s.replace(old_c2,new_c2)

old_c3 = """            training_counts,
            validation_counts,
            item_correction,
            known_positive_packed,
            device,
        )"""
new_c3 = """            training_counts,
            validation_counts,
            item_correction,
            popularity_probs,
            log_q,
            known_positive_packed,
            device,
        )"""
assert s.count(old_c3)==1
s=s.replace(old_c3,new_c3)

# build_item_correction call in train_model
old_bc = """    item_correction = build_item_correction(
        prepared,
        config,
        partition.window_starts,
        training_counts,
    )"""
new_bc = """    target_item_counts = selected_target_item_counts(
        prepared, partition.window_starts, training_counts
    )
    item_correction = build_item_correction(target_item_counts, config)
    popularity_probs, log_q_cpu = build_negative_sampler(
        target_item_counts, config
    )
    log_q = log_q_cpu.to(device)"""
assert s.count(old_bc)==1
s=s.replace(old_bc,new_bc)
open(p,'w').write(s)
print("ok")
EOF

Tool response

ok
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  "text": "<total_tokens>14932103 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
27

Add CLI flags

+04:59
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Tool callBashAdd CLI flags Returned

Tool call · Input

python - <<'EOF'
p='train_current_model.py'
s=open(p).read()

old = """    parser.add_argument(
        "--negative-filter-scope","""
new = """    parser.add_argument(
        "--uniform-negatives", type=int, default=Config.uniform_negatives
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--popularity-negatives", type=int, default=Config.popularity_negatives
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--inbatch-negatives", type=int, default=Config.inbatch_negatives
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--popularity-sampling-power",
        type=float,
        default=Config.popularity_sampling_power,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--logq-correction", type=float, default=Config.logq_correction
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--loss-objective",
        choices=("sampled-softmax", "bce"),
        default=Config.loss_objective,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--negative-filter-scope","""
assert s.count(old)==1
s=s.replace(old,new,1)

old2 = """    config = Config(
        bptt_steps=args.bptt_steps,"""
new2 = """    if (
        args.uniform_negatives < 0
        or args.popularity_negatives < 0
        or args.inbatch_negatives < 0
        or args.uniform_negatives
        + args.popularity_negatives
        + args.inbatch_negatives
        < 1
        or args.popularity_sampling_power < 0
        or args.logq_correction < 0
    ):
        parser.error("negative sampler counts and exponents are invalid")
    config = Config(
        bptt_steps=args.bptt_steps,"""
assert s.count(old2)==1
s=s.replace(old2,new2,1)

old3 = """        negative_filter_scope=args.negative_filter_scope,
        target_weighting=args.target_weighting,"""
new3 = """        uniform_negatives=args.uniform_negatives,
        popularity_negatives=args.popularity_negatives,
        inbatch_negatives=args.inbatch_negatives,
        popularity_sampling_power=args.popularity_sampling_power,
        logq_correction=args.logq_correction,
        loss_objective=args.loss_objective,
        negative_filter_scope=args.negative_filter_scope,
        target_weighting=args.target_weighting,"""
assert s.count(old3)==1
s=s.replace(old3,new3,1)

old4 = '''                    "negative_sampling": (
                        "24-uniform-plus-8-propensity-corrected-inbatch"
                    ),'''
new4 = '''                    "negative_sampling": (
                        f"{config.uniform_negatives}-uniform-plus-"
                        f"{config.popularity_negatives}-popularity-plus-"
                        f"{config.inbatch_negatives}-inbatch"
                    ),
                    "loss_objective": config.loss_objective,'''
assert s.count(old4)==1
s=s.replace(old4,new4,1)

# negative_count diagnostic
old5 = "    negative_count = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives"
new5 = ("    negative_count = (\n"
        "        config.uniform_negatives\n"
        "        + config.popularity_negatives\n"
        "        + config.inbatch_negatives\n"
        "    )")
assert s.count(old5)==1
s=s.replace(old5,new5,1)
open(p,'w').write(s)
print("ok")
EOF
python -c "import ast;ast.parse(open('/app/solution/train_current_model.py').read())" && echo parsed

Tool response

ok
parsed
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28

Check wiring and baseline

+05:12
Tool callBashCheck wiring and baseline Returned

Tool call · Input

grep -n "objective\|epochs = 1\|loss_objective" train_current_model.py | head -20; tail -3 baseline.log; date

Tool response

60:    loss_objective: str = "sampled-softmax"
1295:        if config.loss_objective == "sampled-softmax":
1773:        objective_changed = (
1780:        if "optimizer_state" in payload and not objective_changed:
1790:        if "generator_state" in payload and not objective_changed:
1801:        if objective_changed:
1804:                "BCE objective changed: filter "
2112:        "--loss-objective",
2114:        default=Config.loss_objective,
2224:        loss_objective=args.loss_objective,
2326:                    "objective": "sample-weighted-BCE-at-every-timestep",
2332:                    "loss_objective": config.loss_objective,
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
epoch=1/1 batches=250 targets=987,417 batch_bce=0.547529 running_bce=0.541614 elapsed=213.3s
Thu Sep 24 17:41:53 UTC 2026
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29

Wait for baseline

+05:17
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Tool callBashWait for baseline Error

Tool call · Input

sleep 150; tail -4 /app/solution/baseline.log

Tool response · Tool error

Exit code 143
Command timed out after 2m 0s
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14929728 tokens left</total_tokens>"
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30

Check baseline

+07:19
Tool callBashCheck baseline Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -4 /app/solution/baseline.log; ls -la /app/solution/*.parquet 2>/dev/null

Tool response

  },
  "torch_version": "2.8.0+cpu",
  "device": "cpu"
}
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1244230 Sep 24 17:43 /app/solution/production_validation.parquet
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31

Start improved run

+07:22
Tool callBashStart improved run Returned

Tool call · Input

nohup python train_current_model.py --stage validation --public-dir /task --prepared-cache /app/solution/val_cache.npz --output /app/solution/improved_validation.parquet > /app/solution/improved.log 2>&1 &
sleep 2; echo started

Tool response

started
Tool callBashEvaluate baseline Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/production_validation.parquet

Tool response

{
  "model": "/app/solution/production_validation.parquet",
  "scores": {
    "quality_ndcg@10": 0.02128,
    "quality_users": 4263
  }
}
Shell cwd was reset to /app
Harness context total tokens reminder
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}
32

Write popularity fallback submission

+07:34
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Tool callBashWrite popularity fallback submission Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && python - <<'EOF'
import numpy as np, pandas as pd
d=np.load('/task/data/test_eligible_candidates.npz')
uids=d['uids']; items=d['item_ids']; packed=d['packed_eligible']
rows=[]
for r,u in enumerate(uids):
    m=np.unpackbits(packed[r],count=len(items),bitorder='little').astype(bool)
    sel=np.flatnonzero(m)[:100]  # catalog is popularity-ordered
    assert len(sel)==100, (u,len(sel))
    for rank,c in enumerate(sel,1):
        rows.append((int(u),int(items[c]),rank))
f=pd.DataFrame(rows,columns=['uid','item_id','rank'])
f.to_parquet('/app/solution/submission.parquet',index=False)
print(len(f), f.uid.nunique())
EOF

Tool response

845600 8456
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14928247 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
33

Check improved log

+07:41
Tool callBashCheck improved log Returned

Tool call · Input

tail -6 /app/solution/improved.log

Tool response

loaded explicit events: rows=720,270 users=8,220
prepared users=1,000 tokens=2,090,746 states=35,727 elapsed=4.9s
prepared users=2,000 tokens=4,301,266 states=71,242 elapsed=9.9s
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14928127 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
34

Monitor improved

+07:43
Tool callBashMonitor improved Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 110; tail -5 /app/solution/improved.log

Tool response

chronological BCE window: train=1,052,953 validation=130,103 selected=1,183,056 discarded_old_targets=18,864,138 all=20,047,194
inbatch correction: min=0.250 mean_on_targets=1.001 max=4.000
negative sampler: uniform=8 popularity=16 inbatch=8 power=0.75 q_head=1.198e-03 q_min=9.847e-06 logq_beta=1.0
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14927915 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
35

Monitor improved

+09:35
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

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Tool callBashMonitor improved Error

Tool call · Input

sleep 240; tail -4 /app/solution/improved.log

Tool response · Tool error

Exit code 143
Command timed out after 2m 0s
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14927493 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
36

Monitor improved

+11:38
Tool callBashMonitor improved Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 115; tail -3 /app/solution/improved.log

Tool response

epoch=1/1 batches=250 targets=987,417 batch_bce=9.528758 running_bce=9.306299 elapsed=209.4s
epoch=1/1 train_loss=9.29833 validation_loss=9.05439 pair_accuracy=0.672 train_targets=1,052,953 validation_targets=130,103 train_seconds=222.6 validation_seconds=16.6
restored best validation-BCE checkpoint: epoch=1 loss=9.054388
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14927346 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
37

Wait for ranking

+13:35
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Tool callBashWait for ranking Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 45; tail -2 /app/solution/improved.log; ls -la /app/solution/improved_validation.parquet 2>/dev/null

Tool response

  "device": "cpu"
}
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1185639 Sep 24 17:50 /app/solution/improved_validation.parquet
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14926950 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
38

Evaluate improved

+14:23
Tool callBashEvaluate improved Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/improved_validation.parquet

Tool response

{
  "model": "/app/solution/improved_validation.parquet",
  "scores": {
    "quality_ndcg@10": 0.015572,
    "quality_users": 4263
  }
}
Shell cwd was reset to /app
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14926761 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
39

Compare diagnostics

+14:42
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

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Tool callBashCompare diagnostics Returned

Tool call · Input

grep -E "pair_accuracy|epoch=1/1 batches" /app/solution/baseline.log; grep -E "query_norm|item_norm" /app/solution/baseline.log /app/solution/improved.log; grep -A6 '"embedding_diagnostics"' /app/solution/baseline.log /app/solution/improved.log

Tool response

epoch=1/1 batches=250 targets=987,417 batch_bce=0.547529 running_bce=0.541614 elapsed=213.3s
epoch=1/1 train_loss=0.53984 validation_loss=0.49664 pair_accuracy=0.755 train_targets=1,052,953 validation_targets=130,103 train_seconds=226.7 validation_seconds=19.3
      "pair_accuracy": 0.7547733612041563,
/app/solution/improved.log:    "query_norm_mean": 1.3343452215194702,
/app/solution/improved.log:    "query_norm_std": 0.7968101501464844,
/app/solution/improved.log:    "item_norm_mean": 2.111861228942871,
/app/solution/improved.log:    "item_norm_std": 1.071254849433899
/app/solution/baseline.log:    "query_norm_mean": 1.603016972541809,
/app/solution/baseline.log:    "query_norm_std": 0.7697497606277466,
/app/solution/baseline.log:    "item_norm_mean": 1.7570279836654663,
/app/solution/baseline.log:    "item_norm_std": 0.8279485702514648
/app/solution/improved.log:  "embedding_diagnostics": {
/app/solution/improved.log-    "query_norm_mean": 1.3343452215194702,
/app/solution/improved.log-    "query_norm_std": 0.7968101501464844,
/app/solution/improved.log-    "item_norm_mean": 2.111861228942871,
/app/solution/improved.log-    "item_norm_std": 1.071254849433899
/app/solution/improved.log-  },
/app/solution/improved.log-  "torch_version": "2.8.0+cpu",
/app/solution/baseline.log:  "embedding_diagnostics": {
/app/solution/baseline.log-    "query_norm_mean": 1.603016972541809,
/app/solution/baseline.log-    "query_norm_std": 0.7697497606277466,
/app/solution/baseline.log-    "item_norm_mean": 1.7570279836654663,
/app/solution/baseline.log-    "item_norm_std": 0.8279485702514648
/app/solution/baseline.log-  },
/app/solution/baseline.log-  "torch_version": "2.8.0+cpu",
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14925404 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
40

Switch to BCE with corrected popularity negatives

+15:04
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Model text

Softmax + full logQ correction underperformed (0.0156 vs 0.0213). Pivoting to a change that preserves the proven BCE calibration and only enriches the negative pool:

Tool callBashSwitch to BCE with corrected popularity negatives Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && python - <<'EOF'
p='train_current_model.py'
s=open(p).read()

s=s.replace('''    uniform_negatives: int = 8
    popularity_negatives: int = 16
    popularity_sampling_power: float = 0.75
    logq_correction: float = 1.0
    loss_objective: str = "sampled-softmax"''','''    uniform_negatives: int = 24
    popularity_negatives: int = 16
    popularity_sampling_power: float = 0.75
    logq_correction: float = 1.0
    loss_objective: str = "bce"''',1)

# popularity block correction inside the draw
old='''    sampled_columns = uniform.shape[1]
    negatives = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1).numpy()
    correction = np.ones_like(negatives, dtype=np.float32)
    if corrected_count:'''
new='''    sampled_columns = uniform.shape[1]
    negatives = torch.cat([uniform, inbatch], dim=1).numpy()
    correction = np.ones_like(negatives, dtype=np.float32)
    if config.popularity_negatives:
        popularity_slice = slice(
            config.uniform_negatives, sampled_columns
        )
        correction[:, popularity_slice] = item_correction[
            torch.from_numpy(negatives[:, popularity_slice])
        ].numpy()
    if corrected_count:'''
assert s.count(old)==1
s=s.replace(old,new,1)

old2='''    raw = F.softplus(logits)
    total = config.uniform_negatives + config.inbatch_negatives
    result = torch.zeros(len(logits), device=logits.device)
    if config.uniform_negatives:
        result += config.uniform_negatives * raw[
            :, : config.uniform_negatives
        ].mean(dim=1)
    if config.inbatch_negatives:
        selected = slice(config.uniform_negatives, total)
        weights = correction[:, selected]
        result += config.inbatch_negatives * (
            (raw[:, selected] * weights).sum(dim=1)
            / weights.sum(dim=1).clamp_min(1.0e-6)
        )
    return result / total'''
new2='''    raw = F.softplus(logits)
    total = (
        config.uniform_negatives
        + config.popularity_negatives
        + config.inbatch_negatives
    )
    result = torch.zeros(len(logits), device=logits.device)
    if config.uniform_negatives:
        result += config.uniform_negatives * raw[
            :, : config.uniform_negatives
        ].mean(dim=1)
    cursor = config.uniform_negatives
    for count in (config.popularity_negatives, config.inbatch_negatives):
        if not count:
            continue
        selected = slice(cursor, cursor + count)
        weights = correction[:, selected]
        result += count * (
            (raw[:, selected] * weights).sum(dim=1)
            / weights.sum(dim=1).clamp_min(1.0e-6)
        )
        cursor += count
    return result / total'''
assert s.count(old2)==1
s=s.replace(old2,new2,1)
open(p,'w').write(s)
print('ok')
EOF
python -c "import ast;ast.parse(open('/app/solution/train_current_model.py').read())" && echo parsed

Tool response

ok
parsed
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14921879 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
41

Run v2 validation

+15:18
Tool callBashRun v2 validation Returned

Tool call · Input

nohup python train_current_model.py --stage validation --public-dir /task --prepared-cache /app/solution/val_cache.npz --output /app/solution/v2_validation.parquet > /app/solution/v2.log 2>&1 & sleep 30; tail -3 /app/solution/v2.log

Tool response

negative sampler: uniform=24 popularity=16 inbatch=8 power=0.75 q_head=8.100e-04 q_min=1.768e-05 logq_beta=1.0
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14921664 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
42

Prebuild test-stage cache

+15:52
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Tool callBashPrebuild test-stage cache Returned

Tool call · Input

nohup python train_current_model.py --stage submission --public-dir /task --prepared-cache /app/solution/test_cache.npz --output /tmp/unused.parquet --prepare-only --threads 2 > /app/solution/prep_test.log 2>&1 & sleep 5; echo ok

Tool response

ok
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14921130 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
43

Monitor

+16:01
Tool callBashMonitor Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 115; tail -2 /app/solution/v2.log; tail -1 /app/solution/prep_test.log

Tool response

target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
}
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14920998 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
44

Check test cache

+17:58
Tool callBashCheck test cache Returned

Tool call · Input

ls -la /app/solution/test_cache.npz; grep -c . /app/solution/prep_test.log

Tool response

-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 552686232 Sep 24 17:53 /app/solution/test_cache.npz
61
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14920794 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
45

Monitor v2

+17:59
Tool callBashMonitor v2 Error

Tool call · Input

sleep 230; tail -3 /app/solution/v2.log

Tool response · Tool error

Exit code 143
Command timed out after 2m 0s
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14920626 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
46

Monitor v2

+20:01
Tool callBashMonitor v2 Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 115; tail -3 /app/solution/v2.log

Tool response

epoch=1/1 batches=250 targets=987,417 batch_bce=0.555003 running_bce=0.550155 elapsed=293.8s
epoch=1/1 train_loss=0.54852 validation_loss=0.50628 pair_accuracy=0.723 train_targets=1,052,953 validation_targets=130,103 train_seconds=309.4 validation_seconds=20.4
restored best validation-BCE checkpoint: epoch=1 loss=0.506278
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14920479 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
47

Evaluate v2

+21:58
Tool callBashEvaluate v2 Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 50; ls -la /app/solution/v2_validation.parquet && cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/v2_validation.parquet

Tool response

-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1251666 Sep 24 17:59 /app/solution/v2_validation.parquet
{
  "model": "/app/solution/v2_validation.parquet",
  "scores": {
    "quality_ndcg@10": 0.020402,
    "quality_users": 4263
  }
}
Shell cwd was reset to /app
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14920160 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
48

Popularity-only diagnostic

+23:02
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Tool callBashPopularity-only diagnostic Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && python - <<'EOF'
import numpy as np, pandas as pd
d=np.load('/task/data/validation_eligible_candidates.npz')
uids=d['uids']; items=d['item_ids']; packed=d['packed_eligible']
rows=[]
for r,u in enumerate(uids):
    m=np.unpackbits(packed[r],count=len(items),bitorder='little').astype(bool)
    sel=np.flatnonzero(m)[:100]
    for rank,c in enumerate(sel,1):
        rows.append((int(u),int(items[c]),rank))
pd.DataFrame(rows,columns=['uid','item_id','rank']).to_parquet('/app/solution/pop_validation.parquet',index=False)
EOF
cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/pop_validation.parquet

Tool response

{
  "model": "/app/solution/pop_validation.parquet",
  "scores": {
    "quality_ndcg@10": 0.01071,
    "quality_users": 4263
  }
}
Shell cwd was reset to /app
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14919006 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
49

Run v3: pure uniform negatives

+23:57
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Model text

Both hard-negative variants regressed. The trend says popularity-skewed negatives hurt this objective. Testing the opposite direction:

Tool callBashRun v3: pure uniform negatives Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && nohup python train_current_model.py --stage validation --public-dir /task --prepared-cache /app/solution/val_cache.npz --uniform-negatives 40 --popularity-negatives 0 --inbatch-negatives 0 --output /app/solution/v3_validation.parquet > /app/solution/v3.log 2>&1 & sleep 20; tail -2 /app/solution/v3.log; date

Tool response

target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Thu Sep 24 18:01:01 UTC 2026
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14915471 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
50

Monitor v3

+24:22
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Tool callBashMonitor v3 Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 115; tail -2 /app/solution/v3.log

Tool response

target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.575 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,135 unique_user_items=5,524,275 bytes=34,256,250
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14915120 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
51

Monitor v3

+26:20
Tool callBashMonitor v3 Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 118; tail -2 /app/solution/v3.log

Tool response

epoch=1/1 train_loss=0.52329 validation_loss=0.47733 pair_accuracy=0.793 train_targets=1,052,953 validation_targets=130,103 train_seconds=218.0 validation_seconds=19.1
restored best validation-BCE checkpoint: epoch=1 loss=0.477329
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14914931 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
52

Evaluate v3

+28:20
Tool callBashEvaluate v3 Error

Tool call · Input

sleep 45; cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/v3_validation.parquet

Tool response · Tool error

Exit code 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/task/evaluate_public.py", line 157, in <module>
    main()
  File "/task/evaluate_public.py", line 152, in main
    ranked = load_submission(path, eligibility, targets)
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/task/evaluate_public.py", line 113, in load_submission
    frame = validate_ranking(read_ranking(path), targets)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/task/ranking_evaluation.py", line 98, in read_ranking
    return pd.read_parquet(path) if path.suffix == ".parquet" else pd.read_csv(path)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/task-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py", line 669, in read_parquet
    return impl.read(
           ^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/task-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py", line 258, in read
    path_or_handle, handles, filesystem = _get_path_or_handle(
                                          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/task-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py", line 141, in _get_path_or_handle
    handles = get_handle(
              ^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/task-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/common.py", line 882, in get_handle
    handle = open(handle, ioargs.mode)
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/app/solution/v3_validation.parquet'
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14914683 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
53

Evaluate v3

+29:10
Tool callBashEvaluate v3 Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 40; ls /app/solution/v3_validation.parquet && cd /task && python evaluate_public.py /app/solution/v3_validation.parquet; date

Tool response

/app/solution/v3_validation.parquet
{
  "model": "/app/solution/v3_validation.parquet",
  "scores": {
    "quality_ndcg@10": 0.020408,
    "quality_users": 4263
  }
}
Thu Sep 24 18:06:34 UTC 2026
Shell cwd was reset to /app
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14913852 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
54

Start final submission refit

+30:13
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Model text

None of the variants beat the baseline. Shipping the production configuration for the final refit — starting it now so a real model-based submission is guaranteed:

Tool callBashStart final submission refit Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && nohup python train_current_model.py --stage submission --public-dir /task --prepared-cache /app/solution/test_cache.npz --uniform-negatives 24 --popularity-negatives 0 --inbatch-negatives 8 --loss-objective bce --output /app/solution/submission.parquet > /app/solution/submission.log 2>&1 & sleep 25; tail -3 /app/solution/submission.log; date

Tool response

negative sampler: uniform=24 popularity=0 inbatch=8 power=0.75 q_head=6.940e-04 q_min=2.523e-05 logq_beta=1.0
target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.576 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,153 unique_user_items=5,682,910 bytes=34,323,750
Thu Sep 24 18:07:22 UTC 2026
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14912076 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
55

Set shipped defaults

+30:44
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Tool callBashSet shipped defaults Returned

Tool call · Input

cd /app/solution && python - <<'EOF'
p='train_current_model.py'
s=open(p).read()
old='''    uniform_negatives: int = 24
    popularity_negatives: int = 16'''
new='''    uniform_negatives: int = 24
    popularity_negatives: int = 0'''
assert s.count(old)==1
s=s.replace(old,new,1)
open(p,'w').write(s)
EOF
grep -n "uniform_negatives: int\|popularity_negatives: int\|inbatch_negatives: int\|loss_objective: str\|logq_correction: float\|popularity_sampling_power" /app/solution/train_current_model.py | head

Tool response

56:    uniform_negatives: int = 24
57:    popularity_negatives: int = 0
58:    popularity_sampling_power: float = 0.75
59:    logq_correction: float = 1.0
60:    loss_objective: str = "bce"
61:    inbatch_negatives: int = 8
615:    weights = np.power(counts + 1.0, config.popularity_sampling_power)
633:        f"power={config.popularity_sampling_power} "
2121:        default=Config.popularity_sampling_power,
2224:        or args.popularity_sampling_power < 0
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14911410 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
56

Write README.md

+31:11
Tool callWrite/app/solution/README.md Returned

Tool call · Input

/app/solution/README.md

# Made-for-You two-tower: negative-sampling investigation

## What was measured

All numbers are public-backtest graded NDCG@10 (`/task/evaluate_public.py`,
4,263 scored users), trained on `train_*` only and scored on `val_*`.

| Run | Negative sampling | Loss | NDCG@10 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Popularity-order control (no model) | – | – | 0.01071 |
| **Production baseline (shipped)** | 24 uniform + 8 propensity-corrected in-batch | sample-weighted BCE | **0.02128** |
| v1 | 8 uniform + 16 popularity^0.75 + 8 in-batch | sampled softmax, full logQ correction | 0.01557 |
| v2 | 24 uniform + 16 popularity^0.75 (propensity-corrected) + 8 in-batch | sample-weighted BCE | 0.02040 |
| v3 | 40 uniform only | sample-weighted BCE | 0.02041 |

## Diagnosis

The production sampler draws 24 of its 32 negatives uniformly from the 30,000
track catalog. Listening is strongly head-skewed, so a uniform draw almost never
lands on a track that actually competes for a top-10 slot: the softmax partition
function (and, under BCE, the set of negatives with non-negligible
`sigmoid(s)` gradient) is dominated by head items the sampler rarely sees. That
is the textbook motivation for popularity-proportional ("hard") negatives, so
the hypothesis under test was that enriching the proposal toward the head would
raise retrieval quality.

**The hypothesis did not hold on this objective, and the measurements say why.**
Both interventions that shifted negative mass toward the head regressed, and
they regressed monotonically in how strongly they do so:

- v1 (softmax with an unbiased logQ correction) was the most aggressive and lost
  27%. With a `count^0.75` proposal and `beta = 1`, the correction shifts tail
  negatives by roughly `+8` logits versus `+3.2` for head negatives inside the
  log-sum-exp. The corrected tail therefore *becomes* the effective hard
  negative set, and the model spends its capacity suppressing tail items — the
  opposite of what the popularity proposal was meant to buy.
- v2 (the same proposal, propensity-corrected, under the unchanged BCE) lost
  3.5%.
- v3, which removed the head-skewed component entirely (40 uniform, no in-batch),
  also landed at 0.0204 — i.e. the two BCE variants are indistinguishable from
  each other and both sit just below the baseline.

The discovery label is itself head-skewed: grade comes from organic likes and
≥80% organic listens, and a pure popularity ordering already reaches half the
production model's NDCG (0.0107 vs 0.0213). Anything that pushes head items down
— whether directly (harder head negatives under BCE) or indirectly (a logQ
correction that up-weights the tail) — trades away score. The production mix of
mostly-uniform negatives plus a *small, partially* debiased in-batch component
(power 0.5, clipped to [0.25, 4]) is already close to the local optimum of this
knob: 24/8 beats both 40/0 and 24/16/8.

## Model change shipped

**None to the objective.** No variant beat the production baseline on the public
backtest, so the shipped artifact is the production configuration. Shipping a
measured regression to claim a change would be worse than shipping the baseline.

`train_current_model.py` is nonetheless a superset of the production trainer:
the negative sampler is now configurable (`--uniform-negatives`,
`--popularity-negatives`, `--popularity-sampling-power`, `--inbatch-negatives`,
`--logq-correction`, `--loss-objective`) so the experiments above are
reproducible and the knob can be re-swept. **The defaults reproduce the
production model exactly** (24 uniform + 8 in-batch, BCE); with
`--popularity-negatives 0` the negative-draw and loss code paths are
bit-identical to the original. The data protocol, the two-tower serving
contract (precomputed item vectors, one user vector, dot-product scoring, no
user-ID table), and the evaluation boundary are untouched.

## Submission

```sh
python /app/solution/train_current_model.py \
  --stage submission --public-dir /task \
  --output /app/solution/submission.parquet
```

Refits on `train_* + val_*` and ranks against `test_eligible_candidates.npz`.

## Where I would look next

The negative-sampling knob looks exhausted at this budget; the remaining
headroom is more likely in training volume than in the proposal distribution.
The trainer currently sees one epoch over the most recent 128 targets per user —
1.05M of 20.0M available next-item targets (95% of targets are discarded). A
second epoch, or a larger `--max-train-targets-per-user`, is the untested lever
with the largest surface. I did not run it inside the time budget because a
single epoch already costs ~4 minutes of the 60-minute allowance and I chose to
spend the remaining runs on the negative-sampling question that was posed.

Tool response

File created successfully at: /app/solution/README.md (file state is current in your context — no need to Read it back)
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14909334 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
57

Monitor submission run

+31:13
Tool callBashMonitor submission run Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 115; tail -2 /app/solution/submission.log; date

Tool response

target weighting=organic-strong min=0.250 mean=0.576 max=1.000
full-history false-negative filter: users=9,153 unique_user_items=5,682,910 bytes=34,323,750
Thu Sep 24 18:09:50 UTC 2026
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14909176 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
58

Monitor

+33:10
Tool callBashMonitor Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 118; tail -1 /app/solution/submission.log

Tool response

restored best validation-BCE checkpoint: epoch=1 loss=0.497949
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14908967 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
59

Wait for ranking

+35:10
Tool callBashWait for ranking Returned

Tool call · Input

sleep 75; tail -2 /app/solution/submission.log; ls -la /app/solution/submission.parquet

Tool response

  "device": "cpu"
}
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1212474 Sep 24 18:12 /app/solution/submission.parquet
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14908799 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
60

Validate submission

+36:27

Model text

Final submission written. Validating it against the deliverable rules:

Tool callBashValidate submission Returned

Tool call · Input

python - <<'EOF'
import numpy as np, pandas as pd, os
f=pd.read_parquet('submission.parquet')
t=set(pd.read_parquet('/task/data/target_users.parquet').uid.astype(int))
print("cols",list(f.columns),"rows",len(f))
print("islink",os.path.islink('submission.parquet'),"csv_exists",os.path.exists('submission.csv'))
for c in ['uid','item_id','rank']:
    assert np.isfinite(f[c]).all() and (f[c]==f[c].astype(np.int64)).all(), c
print("users match:", set(f.uid.astype(int))==t, len(t))
g=f.groupby('uid')
assert (g.size()==100).all()
assert (g['item_id'].nunique()==100).all()
assert g['rank'].apply(lambda r: sorted(r)==list(range(1,101))).all()
d=np.load('/task/data/test_eligible_candidates.npz')
uids,items,packed=d['uids'],d['item_ids'],d['packed_eligible']
pos={int(x):i for i,x in enumerate(items)}
row={int(u):r for r,u in enumerate(uids)}
bad=0
for u,grp in g:
    m=np.unpackbits(packed[row[int(u)]],count=len(items),bitorder='little').astype(bool)
    bad+=int((~m[[pos[int(i)] for i in grp.item_id]]).sum())
print("ineligible items:",bad)
print("OK")
EOF

Tool response

cols ['uid', 'item_id', 'rank'] rows 845600
islink False csv_exists False
users match: True 8456
ineligible items: 0
OK
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14908094 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
61

Clean up caches

+36:48
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Tool callBashClean up caches Returned

Tool call · Input

rm -f val_cache.npz test_cache.npz pop_validation.parquet && ls -la && python -c "
import ast,sys; ast.parse(open('train_current_model.py').read()); print('script parses')"

Tool response

total 6124
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent    4096 Sep 24 18:13 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 agent agent    4096 Sep 24 17:32 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    4765 Sep 24 18:07 README.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    4694 Sep 24 17:43 baseline.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    5045 Sep 24 17:50 improved.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1185639 Sep 24 17:50 improved_validation.parquet
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    2291 Sep 24 17:53 prep_test.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1244230 Sep 24 17:43 production_validation.parquet
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    4195 Sep 24 18:12 submission.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1212474 Sep 24 18:12 submission.parquet
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent   87721 Sep 24 18:07 train_current_model.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent   15985 Sep 24 17:36 two_tower_model.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    4203 Sep 24 17:59 v2.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1251666 Sep 24 17:59 v2_validation.parquet
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent    4198 Sep 24 18:06 v3.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 agent agent 1195740 Sep 24 18:06 v3_validation.parquet
script parses
Harness context total tokens reminder
{
  "type": "total_tokens_reminder",
  "text": "<total_tokens>14907060 tokens left</total_tokens>"
}
62

Final response

+36:52
Thinking unavailable No text recorded

The archive records a thinking event with empty text. No readable thinking is available for this event.

Model text

Outcome

I did not beat the production baseline. The submission ships the production configuration, refit on train_* + val_*.

Measured (public backtest, graded NDCG@10, 4,263 users)
RunNegativesLossNDCG@10
Popularity-order control (no model)––0.01071
Production baseline — shipped24 uniform + 8 corrected in-batchweighted BCE0.02128
v18 uniform + 16 pop^0.75 + 8 in-batchsampled softmax, full logQ0.01557
v224 uniform + 16 pop^0.75 (corrected) + 8 in-batchweighted BCE0.02040
v340 uniform onlyweighted BCE0.02041
What the experiments say

The stated hypothesis — uniform draws over a 30k head-skewed catalog almost never sample a real top-10 competitor, so the head needs more negative mass — is the textbook diagnosis, and it is wrong for this objective. Both head-enriching interventions regressed, monotonically in aggressiveness. v1's full logQ correction shifts tail negatives ~+8 logits vs ~+3.2 for head ones inside the log-sum-exp, so the corrected tail becomes the effective hard-negative set — the inverse of the intent. v2 and v3 land at the same 0.0204 from opposite directions (more head skew, and none at all), which reads as this knob being flat-to-slightly-negative around the production 24/8 mix.

The reason is in the label: grade comes from organic likes and ≥80% organic listens, and a pure popularity ordering already reaches half the model's score (0.0107 vs 0.0213). Suppressing head items costs NDCG regardless of how it's done. The production mix — mostly uniform, with a small partially debiased in-batch component (power 0.5, clipped) — is near the local optimum.

I did not ship a measured regression to claim a change.

Delivered
  • /app/solution/submission.parquet — 845,600 rows, 8,456 users, verified: exactly 100 distinct items and ranks 1–100 per user, all integer/finite, users match target_users.parquet exactly, 0 ineligible items, regular file, no competing .csv.
  • /app/solution/train_current_model.py + two_tower_model.py — a strict superset of the production trainer. The sampler is now configurable (--uniform-negatives, --popularity-negatives, --popularity-sampling-power, --inbatch-negatives, --logq-correction, --loss-objective) so the sweep is reproducible. Defaults reproduce production exactly; with --popularity-negatives 0 the draw and loss paths are identical to the original. Data protocol, two-tower serving contract, and evaluation boundary untouched.
  • /app/solution/README.md — diagnosis, table, and reasoning; per-run logs and validation rankings retained.
Untested lever I'd go to next

The trainer uses one epoch over the most recent 128 targets per user: 1.05M of 20.0M available next-item targets, so 95% are discarded. A second epoch or a larger --max-train-targets-per-user is the largest untouched surface. I spent the run budget on the negative-sampling question as posed — an epoch costs ~4 of the 60 minutes, and adding one would have pushed the final refit past the deadline with the gain unvalidated.

About this recording

The full recorded conversation: task prompt, agent messages, thinking text when available, tool inputs and outputs, and harness context. Empty thinking entries are labeled unavailable, not reconstructed from tool calls. Disclosures change the view; they do not shorten the content. Any truncation already present in tool output is preserved.

Steps follow the recorded model messages and reasoning events. Tool results appear with their originating call. Elapsed time starts with the first recorded event and excludes verification.

Attempt
opus-high-2.1.251-exact-r01-2026-09-24
Recorded model
claude-opus-5
Harness version
2.1.251
Session
2cb75efe-019a-4930-a4ec-99ccbd7e2396
Source SHA-256
63f7c807715cbbc48d589d702a719a0ca708a0bda81dd63d65e14e157547809f

Session bookkeeping and encrypted reasoning or signatures are excluded from the reading export. The harness’s system prompt is not present in this session archive.